added data_type_traits for enums

# Conflicts:
#	demo/main.cpp

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 .idea
 cmake-build-debug
+Testing
+debug

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
 cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.26)
-project(query)
+project(
+  query
+  VERSION 1.0.0
+  DESCRIPTION "SQL query fluent prototype for PostgreSQL, SQLite, MySQL and MSSQL"
+  LANGUAGES CXX
+)
 
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 set(CMAKE_POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
 
 set(GCC_CLANG_COMMON_FLAGS "-Wall -Wconversion -Wextra -pedantic -ftemplate-backtrace-limit=0")
 
+if (WIN32)
+  add_compile_options(/Zc:preprocessor)
+endif()
+
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/cmake)
 
 find_package(ODBC REQUIRED)
@@ -13,6 +22,10 @@ find_package(SQLite3 REQUIRED)
 find_package(PostgreSQL REQUIRED)
 find_package(MySQL REQUIRED)
 
+message(STATUS "Found ODBC config ${ODBC_CONFIG}")
+message(STATUS "Adding ODBC include directory: ${ODBC_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
+message(STATUS "Adding ODBC libs: ${ODBC_LIBRARIES}")
+
 message(STATUS "Found SQLite3 ${SQLite3_VERSION}")
 message(STATUS "Adding SQLite3 include directory: ${SQLite3_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
 message(STATUS "Adding SQLite3 libs: ${SQLite3_LIBRARIES}")
@@ -29,6 +42,8 @@ message(STATUS "Relase flags ${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_RELEASE}")
 
 message(STATUS "Linker flags ${CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS}")
 
+enable_testing()
+
 add_subdirectory(src)
 add_subdirectory(test)
 add_subdirectory(backends)

README.md

@@ -1,14 +1,41 @@
-# query
+# query_context
 
-A fluent sql query builder
+A fluent sql query_context builder
+
+```MATADOR_BACKENDS_PATH=/home/sascha/Develop/query/cmake-build-debug/backends```
 
 Object definition
 ```cpp
+enum class Color {
+  Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Pink, Black, White
+};
+
+struct Coordinate
+{
+  int x;
+  int y;
+  int z;
+};
+
+// special handling for custom type Coordinate
+namespace matador::utils::access {
+
+template<class Operator>
+void attribute(Operator &op, const char *id, Coordinate &value, const field_attributes &attr = null_attributes) {
+  attribute(op, (std::string(id) + "_x").c_str(), value.x, attr);
+  attribute(op, (std::string(id) + "_y").c_str(), value.y, attr);
+  attribute(op, (std::string(id) + "_z").c_str(), value.z, attr);
+}
+
+}
+
 struct airplane
 {
   unsigned long id;
   std::string brand;
   std::string model;
+  Color color;
+  Coordinate position;
 
   template<class Operator>
   void process(Operator &op) {
@@ -16,6 +43,8 @@ struct airplane
     field::primary_key(op, "id", id);
     field::attribute(op, "brand", brand, 255);
     field::attribute(op, "model", model, 255);
+    field::attribute(op, "color", color);
+    field::attribute(op, "position", position);
   }
 };
 ```
@@ -23,20 +52,35 @@ struct airplane
 connection_pool<connection> pool("sqlite://sqlite.db", 4);
 session s(pool);
 
-// register entity
-s.attach<airplane>("airplane")
-
 // create all tables
-s.create();
+s.create().table<airplane>().execute();
+
+std::vector<airplane> planes {
+  {1, "Airbus", "A380", Color::Green, {1, 2, 3}},
+  {2, "Boeing", "707", Color::White, {4, 5, 6}},
+  {3, "Boeing", "747", Color::Blue, {0, 0, 0}}
+};
+
+auto stmt = s.insert()
+             .into<airplane>("airplane")
+             .values<airplane>().prepare();
+
 
 // insert
-s.insert<airplane>(1, "Airbus", "A380");
+for (const auto &plane: planes) {
-s.insert<airplane>(2, "Boeing", "748");
+  auto res = stmt.bind(plane).execute();
-s.insert<airplane>(3, "Boeing", "707");
+  stmt.reset();
+}
 
-s.update<airplane>().set({"model", "747"}).where("id"_col == 2);
+s.update("airplane")
+ .set({"model", "737"})
+ .where("id"_col == 2 && "color"_col == Color::White)
+ .execute();
 
-auto result = s.select<airplane>().where("brand"_col == "Boeing");
+auto result = s.select<airplane>()
+               .from("airplane")
+               .where("brand"_col == "Boeing")
+               .execute();
 
 for (const auto &plane : result) {
   std::cout << "airplane: " << plane->brand << " - " << plane->model << "\n";

Todo.md

@@ -3,6 +3,45 @@
 - Add is_valid() method to connection & connection_impl
 - Read in entity fields
 - Add special handling for update in backends
-- Add PostgreSQL backend
-- Add MySQL/MariaDB backend
 - Add ODBC/SQL Server backend
+
+
+Fetch eager strategies
+======================
+
+ONE TO ONE/MANY
+*person*             *address*
+- has one address    - belongs to person
+
+=> join "address" on "person.id" == "address.person_id"
+
+*address*             *person*
+- belongs to person   - has one address
+
+=> join "person" on "address.person_id" == "person.id"
+
+*book*               *author*
+- belongs to author  - has many books
+
+- => join "author" on "book.author_id" == "author.id"
+
+HAS MANY TO ONE (WITHOUT RELATION TABLE)
+
+*author*             *book*
+- has many books     - belongs to author
+
+- => join "book" on "author.id" == "book.author_id"
+
+if "has many" type has primary key & field "author_id"
+if table name belongs to entity template type?
+
+HAS MANY TO MANY (WITHOUT RELATION TABLE)
+
+*student*            *student_course*           *course*
+- has many courses   - belongs to student
+                     - belongs to course        - has many students
+
+=> join "student_course" on "student.id" == "student_course.student_id"
+   join "student_course" on "course.id" == "student_course.course_id"
+
+if has many type hasn't primary key (is relation table)

backends/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 add_subdirectory(sqlite)
 add_subdirectory(postgres)
+add_subdirectory(mysql)

backends/mysql/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+set(HEADER
+  include/mysql_connection.hpp
+  include/mysql_error.hpp
+  include/mysql_result_reader.hpp
+  include/mysql_dialect.hpp
+  include/mysql_statement.hpp
+  include/mysql_parameter_binder.hpp
+  include/mysql_prepared_result_reader.hpp
+)
+
+set(SOURCES
+  src/mysql_connection.cpp
+  src/mysql_error.cpp
+  src/mysql_result_reader.cpp
+  src/mysql_dialect.cpp
+  src/mysql_statement.cpp
+  src/mysql_parameter_binder.cpp
+  src/mysql_prepared_result_reader.cpp
+)
+
+set(LIBRARY_TARGET matador-mysql)
+
+add_subdirectory(test)
+
+add_library(${LIBRARY_TARGET} MODULE ${SOURCES} ${HEADER})
+
+set_target_properties(${LIBRARY_TARGET}
+  PROPERTIES
+  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/backends"
+)
+
+target_include_directories(${LIBRARY_TARGET} PRIVATE
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+  ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/backends/mysql/include
+  ${MYSQL_INCLUDE_DIR})
+
+target_link_libraries(${LIBRARY_TARGET} matador ${MYSQL_LIBRARY})

backends/mysql/include/mysql_connection.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_CONNECTION_HPP
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_CONNECTION_HPP
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#ifdef matador_mysql_EXPORTS
+#define MATADOR_MYSQL_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#else
+#define MATADOR_MYSQL_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#endif
+#pragma warning(disable: 4355)
+#else
+#define MATADOR_MYSQL_API
+#endif
+
+#include "matador/sql/connection_impl.hpp"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include <mysql.h>
+#else
+#include <mysql/mysql.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+class mysql_connection : public matador::sql::connection_impl
+{
+public:
+  explicit mysql_connection(const sql::connection_info &info);
+  void open() override;
+  void close() override;
+  bool is_open() override;
+
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> fetch(const std::string &stmt) override;
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::statement_impl> prepare(sql::query_context context) override;
+
+  size_t execute(const std::string &stmt) override;
+
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> describe(const std::string& table) override;
+
+  bool exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name) override;
+
+private:
+  mutable std::unique_ptr<MYSQL> mysql_;
+
+  using string_to_int_map = std::unordered_map<std::string, unsigned long>;
+
+  static string_to_int_map statement_name_map_;
+};
+
+}
+
+extern "C"
+{
+MATADOR_MYSQL_API matador::sql::connection_impl* create_database(const matador::sql::connection_info &info);
+
+MATADOR_MYSQL_API void destroy_database(matador::sql::connection_impl *db);
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_CONNECTION_HPP

backends/mysql/include/mysql_dialect.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_DIALECT_HPP
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_DIALECT_HPP
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#ifdef matador_mysql_EXPORTS
+#define MATADOR_MYSQL_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#else
+#define MATADOR_MYSQL_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#endif
+#pragma warning(disable: 4355)
+#else
+#define MATADOR_MYSQL_API
+#endif
+
+#include "matador/sql/dialect.hpp"
+
+extern "C" [[maybe_unused]] MATADOR_MYSQL_API const matador::sql::dialect* get_dialect();
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_DIALECT_HPP

backends/mysql/include/mysql_error.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_ERROR_HPP
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_ERROR_HPP
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include <mysql.h>
+#else
+#include <mysql/mysql.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+void throw_mysql_error(const char *what, const std::string &source);
+void throw_mysql_error(MYSQL *db, const std::string &source);
+void throw_mysql_error(MYSQL_STMT *stmt, const std::string &source, const std::string &sql);
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_ERROR_HPP

backends/mysql/include/mysql_parameter_binder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_PARAMETER_BINDER_H
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_PARAMETER_BINDER_H
+
+#include "matador/sql/parameter_binder.hpp"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include <mysql.h>
+#else
+#include <mysql/mysql.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+struct mysql_result_info
+{
+  unsigned long length = 0;
+  my_bool is_null = false;
+  my_bool error = false;
+//  std::unique_ptr<char[]> buffer;
+  char *buffer = nullptr;
+  unsigned long buffer_length = 0;
+  bool is_allocated = false;
+
+  ~mysql_result_info()
+  {
+    if (is_allocated) {
+      delete [] buffer;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+class mysql_parameter_binder final : public sql::parameter_binder
+{
+public:
+  explicit mysql_parameter_binder(size_t size);
+
+  void bind(size_t pos, char i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, short i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, long i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, long long int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned char i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned short i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, bool b) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, float d) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, double d) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const char *string) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const char *string, size_t size) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &string) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &x, size_t size) override;
+
+  void bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &blob) override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] std::vector<MYSQL_BIND>& bind_params();
+
+private:
+  struct is_null_t
+  {
+    my_bool is_null = false;
+  };
+
+  std::vector<MYSQL_BIND> bind_params_;
+  std::vector<is_null_t> is_null_vector;
+  std::vector<mysql_result_info> info_;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_PARAMETER_BINDER_H

backends/mysql/include/mysql_prepared_result_reader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_MYSQL_PREPARED_RESULT_READER_HPP
+#define QUERY_MYSQL_PREPARED_RESULT_READER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_result_reader.hpp"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include <mysql.h>
+#else
+#include <mysql/mysql.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+class mysql_prepared_result_reader : public sql::query_result_reader
+{
+public:
+  explicit mysql_prepared_result_reader(MYSQL_STMT *stmt);
+  ~mysql_prepared_result_reader() override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t column_count() const override;
+  [[nodiscard]] const char *column(size_t index) const override;
+  bool fetch() override;
+
+private:
+  MYSQL_STMT *stmt_{};
+
+  MYSQL_ROW current_row_{};
+
+  size_t row_count_{};
+  size_t column_count_{};
+  int row_index_{-1};
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_MYSQL_PREPARED_RESULT_READER_HPP

backends/mysql/include/mysql_result_reader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_RESULT_READER_HPP
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_RESULT_READER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_result_reader.hpp"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include <mysql.h>
+#else
+#include <mysql/mysql.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+class mysql_result_reader : public sql::query_result_reader
+{
+public:
+  explicit mysql_result_reader(MYSQL_RES *result, unsigned int column_count);
+  ~mysql_result_reader() override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t column_count() const override;
+  [[nodiscard]] const char *column(size_t index) const override;
+  bool fetch() override;
+
+private:
+  MYSQL_RES *result_{};
+
+  MYSQL_ROW current_row_{};
+
+  size_t row_count_{};
+  size_t column_count_{};
+  int row_index_{-1};
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_RESULT_READER_HPP

backends/mysql/include/mysql_statement.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_STATEMENT_HPP
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_STATEMENT_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/statement_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "mysql_parameter_binder.hpp"
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#include <mysql.h>
+#else
+#include <mysql/mysql.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+class mysql_statement final : public sql::statement_impl
+{
+public:
+  mysql_statement(MYSQL_STMT *stmt, const sql::query_context &query);
+
+  size_t execute() override;
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> fetch() override;
+  void reset() override;
+protected:
+  sql::parameter_binder& binder() override;
+
+private:
+  MYSQL_STMT *stmt_{nullptr};
+
+  std::string name_;
+
+  mysql_parameter_binder binder_;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_STATEMENT_HPP

backends/mysql/src/mysql_connection.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+#include "mysql_connection.hpp"
+#include "mysql_error.hpp"
+#include "mysql_result_reader.hpp"
+#include "mysql_statement.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <regex>
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+mysql_connection::string_to_int_map mysql_connection::statement_name_map_{};
+
+mysql_connection::mysql_connection(const sql::connection_info &info)
+: connection_impl(info) {}
+
+void mysql_connection::open()
+{
+  if (is_open()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  mysql_ = std::make_unique<MYSQL>();
+
+  if (!mysql_init(mysql_.get())) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), "mysql_init");
+  }
+
+  if (!mysql_real_connect(mysql_.get(),
+                          info().hostname.c_str(),
+                          info().user.c_str(),
+                          !info().password.empty() ? info().password.c_str() : nullptr,
+                          info().database.c_str(),
+                          info().port,
+                          nullptr,
+                          0)) {
+    // disconnect all handles
+    const std::string error_message = mysql_error(mysql_.get());
+    mysql_close(mysql_.get());
+
+    mysql_.reset();
+    // throw exception
+    throw_mysql_error(error_message.c_str(), "mysql_real_connect");
+  }
+}
+
+void mysql_connection::close()
+{
+  if (mysql_) {
+    mysql_close(mysql_.get());
+    mysql_.reset();
+  }
+}
+
+bool mysql_connection::is_open()
+{
+  return mysql_ != nullptr;
+}
+
+sql::data_type_t to_type(enum_field_types type, unsigned int flags)
+{
+  switch (type) {
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_TINY:
+      return flags & UNSIGNED_FLAG ? sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_char : sql::data_type_t::type_char;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_SHORT:
+      return flags & UNSIGNED_FLAG ? sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_short : sql::data_type_t::type_short;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_LONG:
+      return flags & UNSIGNED_FLAG ? sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_int : sql::data_type_t::type_int;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_LONGLONG:
+      return flags & UNSIGNED_FLAG ? sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_long_long : sql::data_type_t::type_long_long;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_FLOAT:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_float;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_DOUBLE:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_double;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_VARCHAR:
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_VAR_STRING:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_varchar;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_BLOB:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_blob;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_STRING:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_text;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_DATE:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_date;
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME:
+    case MYSQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_time;
+    default:
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_unknown;
+  }
+}
+
+utils::constraints to_constraints(unsigned int flags)
+{
+  utils::constraints options{utils::constraints::NONE};
+  if (flags & PRI_KEY_FLAG) {
+    options |= utils::constraints::PRIMARY_KEY;
+  }
+  if (flags & UNIQUE_KEY_FLAG) {
+    options |= utils::constraints::UNIQUE;
+  }
+
+  return options;
+}
+
+sql::null_option to_null_option(unsigned int flags)
+{
+  return flags & NOT_NULL_FLAG ? sql::null_option::NOT_NULL : sql::null_option::NULLABLE;
+}
+
+sql::data_type_t string2type(const std::string &type_string)
+{
+  if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "tinyint", 7) == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_char;
+  } else if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "smallint", 8) == 0) {
+    if (strstr(type_string.c_str(), "unsigned") != nullptr) {
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_short;
+    } else {
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_short;
+    }
+  } else if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "int", 3) == 0) {
+    if (strstr(type_string.c_str(), "unsigned") != nullptr) {
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_int;
+    } else {
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_int;
+    }
+  } else if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "bigint", 6) == 0) {
+    if (strstr(type_string.c_str(), "unsigned") != nullptr) {
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_unsigned_long_long;
+    } else {
+      return sql::data_type_t::type_long_long;
+    }
+  } else if (strcmp(type_string.c_str(), "date") == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_date;
+  } else if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "datetime", 8) == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_time;
+  } else if (strcmp(type_string.c_str(), "float") == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_float;
+  } else if (strcmp(type_string.c_str(), "double") == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_double;
+  } else if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "varchar", 7) == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_varchar;
+  } else if (strncmp(type_string.c_str(), "text", 4) == 0) {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_text;
+  } else {
+    return sql::data_type_t::type_unknown;
+  }
+}
+
+struct type_info
+{
+  sql::data_type_t type{sql::data_type_t::type_unknown};
+  size_t size{};
+};
+
+type_info determine_type_info(const std::string &type_string)
+{
+  static const std::regex TYPE_REGEX(R"(^(\w+)(\((\d+)(,(\d+))?\))?$)");
+  std::smatch matcher;
+
+  type_info result;
+  if (std::regex_match(type_string, matcher, TYPE_REGEX)) {
+    result.type = string2type(matcher[1].str());
+    if (matcher[3].matched) {
+      result.size = std::stoi(matcher[3].str());
+    }
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> mysql_connection::fetch(const std::string &stmt)
+{
+  if (mysql_query(mysql_.get(), stmt.c_str())) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  auto result = mysql_store_result(mysql_.get());
+  if (result == nullptr) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  auto field_count = mysql_num_fields(result);
+  auto fields = mysql_fetch_fields(result);
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> prototype;
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < field_count; ++i) {
+    auto type = to_type(fields[i].type, fields[i].flags);
+    auto options = to_constraints(fields[i].flags);
+    auto null_opt = to_null_option(fields[i].flags);
+
+    prototype.emplace_back(fields[i].name, type, options, null_opt);
+  }
+
+  return std::move(std::make_unique<sql::query_result_impl>(std::make_unique<mysql_result_reader>(result, field_count), std::move(prototype)));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sql::statement_impl> mysql_connection::prepare(sql::query_context context)
+{
+  MYSQL_STMT *stmt = mysql_stmt_init(mysql_.get());
+  if (stmt == nullptr) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), "mysql_stmt_init");
+  }
+
+  if (mysql_stmt_prepare(stmt, context.sql.c_str(), static_cast<unsigned long>(context.sql.size())) != 0) {
+    throw_mysql_error(stmt, "mysql_stmt_prepare", context.sql);
+  }
+
+  return std::make_unique<mysql_statement>(stmt, std::move(context));
+}
+
+size_t mysql_connection::execute(const std::string &stmt)
+{
+  if (mysql_query(mysql_.get(), stmt.c_str())) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  return mysql_affected_rows(mysql_.get());
+}
+
+std::vector<sql::column_definition> mysql_connection::describe(const std::string &table)
+{
+  std::string stmt("SHOW COLUMNS FROM " + table);
+
+  if (mysql_query(mysql_.get(), stmt.c_str())) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  auto result = mysql_store_result(mysql_.get());
+  if (result == nullptr) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  mysql_result_reader reader(result, mysql_num_fields(result));
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> prototype;
+  while (reader.fetch()) {
+
+    char *end = nullptr;
+    std::string name = reader.column(0);
+
+    auto typeinfo = determine_type_info(reader.column(1));
+    end = nullptr;
+    sql::null_option null_opt{sql::null_option::NULLABLE};
+    if (strtoul(reader.column(2), &end, 10) == 0) {
+      null_opt = sql::null_option::NOT_NULL;
+    }
+    prototype.push_back({name, typeinfo.type, {typeinfo.size}, null_opt, prototype.size()});
+  }
+
+  return prototype;
+}
+
+bool mysql_connection::exists(const std::string &/*schema_name*/, const std::string &table_name)
+{
+  std::string stmt("SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = '" + info().database + "' AND table_name = '" + table_name + "'");
+
+  if (mysql_query(mysql_.get(), stmt.c_str())) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  auto result = mysql_store_result(mysql_.get());
+  if (result == nullptr) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_.get(), stmt);
+  }
+
+  return result->row_count == 1;
+}
+
+}
+
+extern "C"
+{
+MATADOR_MYSQL_API matador::sql::connection_impl *create_database(const matador::sql::connection_info &info)
+{
+  return new matador::backends::mysql::mysql_connection(info);
+}
+
+MATADOR_MYSQL_API void destroy_database(matador::sql::connection_impl *db)
+{
+  delete db;
+}
+}

backends/mysql/src/mysql_dialect.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include "mysql_dialect.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/dialect_builder.hpp"
+
+[[maybe_unused]] const matador::sql::dialect *get_dialect()
+{
+  using namespace matador::sql;
+  const static dialect d = dialect_builder::builder()
+    .create()
+    .with_token_replace_map({
+                              {dialect::token_t::START_QUOTE, "`"},
+                              {dialect::token_t::END_QUOTE, "`"},
+                            })
+    .with_default_schema_name("")
+    .build();
+  return &d;
+}

backends/mysql/src/mysql_error.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#include "mysql_error.hpp"
+
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+void throw_mysql_error(const char *what, const std::string &source)
+{
+  std::stringstream msg;
+  msg << "mysql error (" << source << "): " << what;
+  throw std::logic_error(msg.str());
+}
+
+void throw_mysql_error(MYSQL *db, const std::string &source)
+{
+  if (mysql_errno(db) != 0) {
+    throw_mysql_error(mysql_error(db), source);
+  }
+}
+
+void throw_mysql_error(MYSQL_STMT *stmt, const std::string &source, const std::string &sql)
+{
+  if (mysql_stmt_errno(stmt) != 0) {
+    std::stringstream msg;
+    msg << "mysql error (" << source << ") " << mysql_stmt_error(stmt) << ": " << sql;
+    throw std::logic_error(msg.str());
+  }
+}
+
+}

backends/mysql/src/mysql_parameter_binder.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+#include "mysql_parameter_binder.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template < class T >
+void bind_value(enum_field_types type, T value, MYSQL_BIND &bind, my_bool &is_null)
+{
+  if (bind.buffer == nullptr) {
+    // allocating memory
+    bind.buffer = new char[sizeof(T)];
+    bind.buffer_type = type;
+    bind.buffer_length = sizeof(T);
+    bind.is_null = &is_null;
+    bind.is_unsigned = std::is_unsigned<T>::value;
+  }
+  *static_cast<T*>(bind.buffer) = value;
+  is_null = false;
+}
+
+void bind_value(enum_field_types type, const char *value, size_t, MYSQL_BIND &bind, my_bool &is_null)
+{
+  std::size_t len(strlen(value) + 1);
+  if (bind.buffer_length < len) {
+    // reallocate memory
+    delete [] static_cast<char*>(bind.buffer);
+    bind.buffer = nullptr;
+    bind.buffer_length = 0;
+    bind.buffer_type = type;
+    bind.is_null = &is_null;
+  }
+  if (bind.buffer == nullptr) {
+    // allocating memory
+    bind.buffer = new char[len];
+    memset(bind.buffer, 0, len);
+  }
+  bind.buffer_length = (unsigned long)(len - 1);
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+  strncpy_s(static_cast<char*>(bind.buffer), len, value, _TRUNCATE);
+#else
+  strncpy(static_cast<char*>(bind.buffer), value, len);
+#endif
+  is_null = false;
+}
+
+//void bind_value(enum_field_types type, const matador::date &x, MYSQL_BIND &bind, my_bool &is_null)
+//{
+//  if (bind.buffer == nullptr) {
+//    size_t s = sizeof(MYSQL_TIME);
+//    bind.buffer = new char[s];
+//    bind.buffer_length = (unsigned long)s;
+//    bind.is_null = &is_null;
+//    bind.buffer_type = type;
+//    bind.length = nullptr;
+//  }
+//  memset(bind.buffer, 0, sizeof(MYSQL_TIME));
+//  is_null = false;
+//  auto *mt = static_cast<MYSQL_TIME*>(bind.buffer);
+//  mt->day = (unsigned int)x.day();
+//  mt->month = (unsigned int)x.month();
+//  mt->year = (unsigned int)x.year();
+//  mt->time_type  = MYSQL_TIMESTAMP_DATE;
+//}
+//
+//void bind_value(enum_field_types type, const matador::time &x, MYSQL_BIND &bind, my_bool &is_null)
+//{
+//  if (bind.buffer == nullptr) {
+//    size_t s = sizeof(MYSQL_TIME);
+//    bind.buffer = new char[s];
+//    bind.buffer_length = (unsigned long)s;
+//    bind.buffer_type = type;
+//    bind.length = nullptr;
+//    bind.is_null = &is_null;
+//  }
+//  memset(bind.buffer, 0, sizeof(MYSQL_TIME));
+//  is_null = false;
+//  auto *mt = static_cast<MYSQL_TIME*>(bind.buffer);
+//  mt->day = (unsigned int)x.day();
+//  mt->month = (unsigned int)x.month();
+//  mt->year = (unsigned int)x.year();
+//  mt->hour = (unsigned int)x.hour();
+//  mt->minute = (unsigned int)x.minute();
+//  mt->second = (unsigned int)x.second();
+//  mt->second_part = (unsigned long)x.milli_second() * 1000;
+//  mt->time_type  = MYSQL_TIMESTAMP_DATETIME;
+//}
+
+}
+
+mysql_parameter_binder::mysql_parameter_binder(size_t size)
+: bind_params_(size)
+, is_null_vector(size)
+, info_(size)
+{}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, char i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_TINY, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, short i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_SHORT, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_LONG, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, long i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_LONG, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, long long int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_LONGLONG, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned char i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_TINY, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned short i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_SHORT, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_LONG, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned long i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_LONG, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_LONGLONG, i, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, bool b)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_TINY, b, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, float d)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_FLOAT, d, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, double d)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_DOUBLE, d, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const char *str)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_STRING, str, strlen(str), bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const char *str, size_t size)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_VAR_STRING, str, size, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_STRING, str.data(), str.size(), bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str, size_t size)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(MYSQL_TYPE_VAR_STRING, str.data(), size, bind_params_[pos], is_null_vector[pos].is_null);
+}
+
+void mysql_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &blob)
+{
+
+}
+
+std::vector<MYSQL_BIND> &mysql_parameter_binder::bind_params()
+{
+  return bind_params_;
+}
+
+}

backends/mysql/src/mysql_prepared_result_reader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#include "mysql_prepared_result_reader.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+mysql_prepared_result_reader::mysql_prepared_result_reader(MYSQL_STMT *stmt)
+: stmt_(stmt)
+{}
+
+mysql_prepared_result_reader::~mysql_prepared_result_reader()
+{
+
+}
+
+size_t mysql_prepared_result_reader::column_count() const
+{
+  return 0;
+}
+
+const char *mysql_prepared_result_reader::column(size_t index) const
+{
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+bool mysql_prepared_result_reader::fetch()
+{
+  return false;
+}
+}

backends/mysql/src/mysql_result_reader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#include "mysql_result_reader.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+mysql_result_reader::mysql_result_reader(MYSQL_RES *result, unsigned int column_count)
+: result_(result)
+, row_count_(mysql_num_rows(result_))
+, column_count_(column_count)
+{}
+
+mysql_result_reader::~mysql_result_reader()
+{
+  if (result_) {
+    mysql_free_result(result_);
+  }
+}
+
+size_t mysql_result_reader::column_count() const
+{
+  return column_count_;
+}
+
+const char *mysql_result_reader::column(size_t index) const
+{
+  return current_row_[index];
+}
+
+bool mysql_result_reader::fetch()
+{
+  current_row_ = mysql_fetch_row(result_);
+
+  return current_row_ != nullptr;
+}
+
+}

backends/mysql/src/mysql_statement.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#include "mysql_statement.hpp"
+#include "mysql_error.hpp"
+#include "mysql_prepared_result_reader.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::mysql {
+
+mysql_statement::mysql_statement(MYSQL_STMT *stmt, const sql::query_context &query)
+: statement_impl(query)
+, stmt_(stmt)
+, binder_(query_.bind_vars.size())
+{}
+
+size_t mysql_statement::execute()
+{
+  if (!binder_.bind_params().empty()) {
+    if (mysql_stmt_bind_param(stmt_, binder_.bind_params().data()) != 0) {
+      throw_mysql_error(stmt_, "mysql", query_.sql);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (mysql_stmt_execute(stmt_) != 0) {
+    throw_mysql_error(stmt_, "mysql", query_.sql);
+  }
+
+  return mysql_stmt_affected_rows(stmt_);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> mysql_statement::fetch()
+{
+  if (!binder_.bind_params().empty()) {
+    if (mysql_stmt_bind_param(stmt_, binder_.bind_params().data()) != 0) {
+      throw_mysql_error(stmt_, "mysql", query_.sql);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (mysql_stmt_execute(stmt_) != 0) {
+    throw_mysql_error(stmt_, "mysql", query_.sql);
+  }
+  if (mysql_stmt_store_result(stmt_) != 0) {
+    throw_mysql_error(stmt_, "mysql", query_.sql);
+  }
+
+  return std::move(std::make_unique<sql::query_result_impl>(std::make_unique<mysql_prepared_result_reader>(stmt_), std::move(query_.prototype)));
+}
+
+void mysql_statement::reset() {}
+
+sql::parameter_binder& mysql_statement::binder()
+{
+  return binder_;
+}
+
+}

backends/mysql/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+Include(FetchContent)
+
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  Catch2
+  GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2.git
+  GIT_TAG        v3.5.4 # or a later release
+)
+
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Catch2)
+
+list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${catch2_SOURCE_DIR}/extras)
+include(CTest)
+include(Catch)
+
+set(MYSQL_CONNECTION_STRING "mysql://test:test123!@127.0.0.1:3306/matador_test")
+
+configure_file(Connection.hpp.in ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/backends/mysql/test/connection.hpp @ONLY IMMEDIATE)
+
+message(STATUS "mysql connection string: ${MYSQL_CONNECTION_STRING}")
+
+set(TEST_SOURCES
+  ../../tests/QueryTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/QueryTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/ConnectionTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/QueryRecordTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/StatementTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/TypeTraitsTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/StatementCacheTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/SessionTest.cpp)
+
+set(LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET mysql_tests)
+
+add_executable(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} ${TEST_SOURCES})
+
+target_link_libraries(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} PRIVATE
+  Catch2::Catch2WithMain
+  matador
+  ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}
+  ${MySQL_LIBRARY})
+
+target_include_directories(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET}
+  PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}>/include
+  PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}>/test
+  PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
+
+catch_discover_tests(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} TEST_SUFFIX " (MySQL)")

backends/mysql/test/Connection.hpp.in

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef MYSQL_CONNECTION_HPP
+#define MYSQL_CONNECTION_HPP
+
+namespace matador::test::connection {
+ const char* const dns = "@MYSQL_CONNECTION_STRING@";
+}
+
+#endif /*SQLITE_CONNECTION_HPP*/

backends/postgres/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ set(HEADER
   include/postgres_error.hpp
   include/postgres_result_reader.hpp
   include/postgres_dialect.hpp
+  include/postgres_statement.hpp
+  include/postgres_parameter_binder.h
 )
 
 set(SOURCES
@@ -10,17 +12,24 @@ set(SOURCES
   src/postgres_error.cpp
   src/postgres_result_reader.cpp
   src/postgres_dialect.cpp
+  src/postgres_statement.cpp
+  src/postgres_parameter_binder.cpp
 )
 
-add_library(matador-postgres SHARED ${SOURCES} ${HEADER})
+set(LIBRARY_TARGET matador-postgres)
-target_include_directories(matador-postgres PRIVATE
+
+add_subdirectory(test)
+
+add_library(${LIBRARY_TARGET} MODULE ${SOURCES} ${HEADER})
+
+set_target_properties(${LIBRARY_TARGET}
+  PROPERTIES
+  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/backends"
+)
+
+target_include_directories(${LIBRARY_TARGET} PRIVATE
   ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
   ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/backends/postgres/include
   ${PostgreSQL_INCLUDE_DIRS})
 
-target_link_libraries(matador-postgres matador ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(${LIBRARY_TARGET} matador ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARIES})
-
-set_target_properties(matador-postgres
-  PROPERTIES
-  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/backends"
-)

backends/postgres/include/postgres_connection.hpp

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 
 #include "matador/sql/connection_impl.hpp"
 
+#include <unordered_map>
+
 #include <libpq-fe.h>
 
 namespace matador::backends::postgres {
@@ -27,16 +29,23 @@ public:
   bool is_open() override;
 
   std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> fetch(const std::string &stmt) override;
-  void prepare(const std::string &stmt) override;
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::statement_impl> prepare(sql::query_context context) override;
 
   size_t execute(const std::string &stmt) override;
 
-  sql::record describe(const std::string& table) override;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> describe(const std::string& table) override;
 
-  bool exists(const std::string &table_name) override;
+  bool exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name) override;
+
+private:
+  [[nodiscard]] static std::string generate_statement_name(const sql::query_context &query) ;
 
 private:
   PGconn *conn_{nullptr};
+
+  using string_to_int_map = std::unordered_map<std::string, unsigned long>;
+
+  static string_to_int_map statement_name_map_;
 };
 
 }

backends/postgres/include/postgres_parameter_binder.h

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_PARAMETER_BINDER_H
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_PARAMETER_BINDER_H
+
+#include "matador/sql/parameter_binder.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::backends::postgres {
+
+class postgres_parameter_binder final : public sql::parameter_binder
+{
+public:
+  explicit postgres_parameter_binder(size_t size);
+
+  void bind(size_t pos, char i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, short i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, long i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, long long int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned char i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned short i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, bool b) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, float d) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, double d) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const char *string) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const char *string, size_t size) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &string) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &x, size_t size) override;
+
+  void bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &blob) override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<const char*>& params() const;
+
+private:
+  std::vector<std::string> strings_;
+  std::vector<const char*> params_;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_PARAMETER_BINDER_H

backends/postgres/include/postgres_result_reader.hpp

@@ -16,23 +16,6 @@ public:
   [[nodiscard]] const char *column(size_t index) const override;
   bool fetch() override;
 
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, short &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long long int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, bool &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, float &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, double &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t s) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t s) override;
-
 private:
   PGresult *result_{};
 

backends/postgres/include/postgres_statement.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_POSTGRES_STATEMENT_HPP
+#define QUERY_POSTGRES_STATEMENT_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/statement_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "postgres_parameter_binder.h"
+
+#include <libpq-fe.h>
+
+namespace matador::backends::postgres {
+
+class postgres_statement final : public sql::statement_impl
+{
+public:
+  postgres_statement(PGconn *db, PGresult *result, std::string name, const sql::query_context &query);
+
+  size_t execute() override;
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> fetch() override;
+  void reset() override;
+protected:
+  sql::parameter_binder& binder() override;
+
+private:
+  PGconn *db_{nullptr};
+  PGresult *result_{nullptr};
+
+  std::string name_;
+
+  postgres_parameter_binder binder_;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_POSTGRES_STATEMENT_HPP

backends/postgres/src/postgres_connection.cpp

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 #include "postgres_connection.hpp"
 #include "postgres_error.hpp"
 #include "postgres_result_reader.hpp"
+#include "postgres_statement.hpp"
 
 #include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
 
 namespace matador::backends::postgres {
 
+postgres_connection::string_to_int_map postgres_connection::statement_name_map_{};
+
 postgres_connection::postgres_connection(const sql::connection_info &info)
 : connection_impl(info) {}
 
@@ -21,9 +25,10 @@ void postgres_connection::open()
 
   conn_ = PQconnectdb(connection.c_str());
   if (PQstatus(conn_) == CONNECTION_BAD) {
-    const auto msg = PQerrorMessage(conn_);
+    const std::string msg = PQerrorMessage(conn_);
     PQfinish(conn_);
-    throw_postgres_error(msg, "postgres");
+    conn_ = nullptr;
+    throw_postgres_error(msg.c_str(), "postgres");
   }
 }
 
@@ -46,21 +51,41 @@ std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> postgres_connection::fetch(const std::st
 
   throw_postgres_error(res, conn_, "postgres", stmt);
 
-  sql::record prototype;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> prototype;
-  auto ncol = PQnfields(res);
+  auto num_col = PQnfields(res);
-  for (int i = 0; i < ncol; ++i) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_col; ++i) {
     const char *col_name = PQfname(res, i);
     auto type = PQftype(res, i);
     auto size = PQfmod(res, i);
-    std::cout << "column " << col_name << ", type " << type << " (size: " << size << ")\n";
+    prototype.emplace_back(col_name);
-    prototype.append({col_name});
   }
   return std::move(std::make_unique<sql::query_result_impl>(std::make_unique<postgres_result_reader>(res), std::move(prototype)));
 }
 
-void postgres_connection::prepare(const std::string &stmt)
+std::string postgres_connection::generate_statement_name(const sql::query_context &query)
 {
+  std::stringstream name;
+  name << query.table.name << "_" << query.command_name;
+  auto result = postgres_connection::statement_name_map_.find(name.str());
 
+  if (result == postgres_connection::statement_name_map_.end()) {
+    result = postgres_connection::statement_name_map_.insert(std::make_pair(name.str(), 0)).first;
+  }
+
+  name << "_" << ++result->second;
+
+  return name.str();
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sql::statement_impl> postgres_connection::prepare(sql::query_context context)
+{
+  auto statement_name = postgres_connection::generate_statement_name(context);
+
+  PGresult *result = PQprepare(conn_, statement_name.c_str(), context.sql.c_str(), static_cast<int>(context.bind_vars.size()), nullptr);
+
+  throw_postgres_error(result, conn_, "postgres", context.sql);
+
+  return std::make_unique<postgres_statement>(conn_, result, statement_name, std::move(context));
 }
 
 size_t postgres_connection::execute(const std::string &stmt)
@@ -69,7 +94,11 @@ size_t postgres_connection::execute(const std::string &stmt)
 
   throw_postgres_error(res, conn_, "postgres", stmt);
 
-  return sql::to_long_long(PQcmdTuples(res));
+  const auto affected_rows = sql::to_long_long(PQcmdTuples(res));
+
+  PQclear(res);
+
+  return affected_rows;
 }
 
 sql::data_type_t string2type(const char *type)
@@ -101,7 +130,7 @@ sql::data_type_t string2type(const char *type)
   }
 }
 
-sql::record postgres_connection::describe(const std::string &table)
+std::vector<sql::column_definition> postgres_connection::describe(const std::string &table)
 {
   std::string stmt(
     "SELECT ordinal_position, column_name, udt_name, data_type, is_nullable, column_default FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_schema='public' AND table_name='" + table + "'");
@@ -111,30 +140,30 @@ sql::record postgres_connection::describe(const std::string &table)
   throw_postgres_error(res, conn_, "postgres", stmt);
 
   postgres_result_reader reader(res);
-  sql::record prototype;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> prototype;
   while (reader.fetch()) {
     char *end = nullptr;
     // Todo: Handle error
-    auto index = strtoul(reader.column(0), &end, 10);
+    auto index = strtoul(reader.column(0), &end, 10) - 1;
     std::string name = reader.column(1);
 
     // Todo: extract size
     auto type = (string2type(reader.column(2)));
     end = nullptr;
-    utils::constraints options{};
+    sql::null_option null_opt{sql::null_option::NULLABLE};
     if (strtoul(reader.column(4), &end, 10) == 0) {
-      options = utils::constraints::NOT_NULL;
+      null_opt = sql::null_option::NOT_NULL;
     }
     // f.default_value(res->column(4));
-    prototype.append({name, type, {options}});
+    prototype.emplace_back(name, type, utils::null_attributes, null_opt, index);
   }
 
   return std::move(prototype);
 }
 
-bool postgres_connection::exists(const std::string &table_name)
+bool postgres_connection::exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name)
 {
-  std::string stmt("SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = 'public' AND table_name = '" + table_name + "'");
+  std::string stmt("SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.tables WHERE table_schema = '" + schema_name + "' AND table_name = '" + table_name + "'");
 
   PGresult *res = PQexec(conn_, stmt.c_str());
 

backends/postgres/src/postgres_dialect.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,22 @@
 #include "postgres_dialect.hpp"
 
-[[maybe_unused]] const matador::sql::dialect* get_dialect() {
+#include "matador/sql/dialect_builder.hpp"
+
+[[maybe_unused]] const matador::sql::dialect *get_dialect()
+{
   using namespace matador::sql;
-  const static dialect d{};
+  const static dialect d = dialect_builder::builder()
+    .create()
+    .with_placeholder_func([](size_t index) {
+      return "$" + std::to_string(index);
+    })
+    .with_token_replace_map({
+                          {dialect::token_t::BEGIN_BINARY_DATA, "E'\\"}
+                          })
+    .with_data_type_replace_map({
+                                  {data_type_t::type_blob, "BYTEA"}
+                                })
+    .with_default_schema_name("public")
+    .build();
   return &d;
 }

backends/postgres/src/postgres_error.cpp

@@ -22,8 +22,11 @@ void throw_postgres_error(PGconn *db, const std::string &source)
 
 void throw_postgres_error(PGresult *res, PGconn *db, const std::string &source, const std::string &sql)
 {
-  if (res == nullptr ||
+  if (res == nullptr) {
-      (PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK &&
+    std::stringstream msg;
+    msg << "postgres error (" << source << ", " << PQerrorMessage(db) << ": " << sql;
+    throw std::logic_error(msg.str());
+  } else if ((PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_COMMAND_OK &&
               PQresultStatus(res) != PGRES_TUPLES_OK)) {
     std::stringstream msg;
     msg << "postgres error (" << source << ", " << PQresultErrorField(res, PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE) << ") " << PQerrorMessage(db) << ": " << sql;

backends/postgres/src/postgres_parameter_binder.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#include "postgres_parameter_binder.h"
+
+namespace matador::backends::postgres {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template < class T >
+void bind_value(std::vector<std::string> &strings, std::vector<const char*> &params, size_t index, T &x)
+{
+  strings[index] = std::to_string(x);
+  params[index] = strings[index].c_str();
+}
+
+template <>
+void bind_value(std::vector<std::string> &strings, std::vector<const char*> &params, size_t index, char &x)
+{
+  strings[index] = std::to_string(x);
+  params[index] = strings[index].data();
+}
+
+template <>
+void bind_value(std::vector<std::string> &strings, std::vector<const char*> &params, size_t index, unsigned char &x)
+{
+  strings[index] = std::to_string(x);
+  params[index] = strings[index].data();
+}
+
+//template <>
+//void bind_value(std::vector<std::string> &strings, std::vector<const char*> &params, size_t &index, const matador::date &x)
+//{
+//  strings[index] = matador::to_string(x, date_format::ISO8601);
+//  params[index] = strings[index].c_str();
+//  ++index;
+//}
+//
+//template <>
+//void bind_value(std::vector<std::string> &strings, std::vector<const char*> &params, size_t &index, const matador::time &x)
+//{
+//  strings[index] = matador::to_string(x, "%Y-%m-%d %T.%f");
+//  params[index] = strings[index].c_str();
+//  ++index;
+//}
+
+}
+
+postgres_parameter_binder::postgres_parameter_binder(size_t size)
+: strings_(size)
+, params_(size)
+{}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, char i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, short i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, long i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, long long int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned char i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned short i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned long i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long int i)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, i);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, bool b)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, b);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, float d)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, d);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, double d)
+{
+  detail::bind_value(strings_, params_, pos, d);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const char *str)
+{
+  params_[pos] = str;
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const char *str, size_t size)
+{
+  params_[pos] = str;
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str)
+{
+  strings_[pos] = str;
+  params_[pos] = strings_[pos].c_str();
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str, size_t size)
+{
+  bind(pos, str);
+}
+
+void postgres_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &blob)
+{
+  params_[pos] = "";
+}
+
+const std::vector<const char *> &postgres_parameter_binder::params() const
+{
+  return params_;
+}
+
+}

backends/postgres/src/postgres_result_reader.cpp

@@ -32,106 +32,4 @@ bool postgres_result_reader::fetch()
   return ++row_index_ < row_count_;
 }
 
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, short &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long long int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, bool &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, float &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, double &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index)));
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t s)
-{
-  auto *val = PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index));
-
-  size_t len = strlen(value);
-  if (len > (size_t)s) {
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    strncpy_s(val, s, value, s);
-#else
-    strncpy(val, value, s);
-#endif
-    val[s-1] = '\n';
-  } else {
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    strcpy_s(val, s, value);
-#else
-    strcpy(val, value);
-#endif
-  }
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value)
-{
-  auto *val = PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index));
-  if (strlen(val) != 0) {
-    value.assign(val);
-  }
-}
-
-void postgres_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t s)
-{
-  auto *val = PQgetvalue(result_, static_cast<int>(row_index_), static_cast<int>(index));
-  if (strlen(val) != 0) {
-    value.assign(val);
-  }
-}
-
 }

backends/postgres/src/postgres_statement.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include "postgres_statement.hpp"
+#include "postgres_error.hpp"
+#include "postgres_result_reader.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::postgres {
+
+postgres_statement::postgres_statement(PGconn *db, PGresult *result, std::string name, const sql::query_context &query)
+: statement_impl(query)
+, db_(db)
+, result_(result)
+, name_(std::move(name))
+, binder_(query_.bind_vars.size())
+{}
+
+size_t postgres_statement::execute()
+{
+  PGresult *res = PQexecPrepared(db_, name_.c_str(), static_cast<int>(binder_.params().size()), binder_.params().data(), nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+
+  throw_postgres_error(res, db_, "postgres", query_.sql);
+
+  return std::stoul(PQcmdTuples(res));
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> postgres_statement::fetch()
+{
+  PGresult *res = PQexecPrepared(db_, name_.c_str(), static_cast<int>(binder_.params().size()), binder_.params().data(), nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+
+  throw_postgres_error(res, db_, "postgres", query_.sql);
+
+  return std::move(std::make_unique<sql::query_result_impl>(std::make_unique<postgres_result_reader>(res), std::move(query_.prototype)));
+}
+
+void postgres_statement::reset() {}
+
+sql::parameter_binder& postgres_statement::binder()
+{
+  return binder_;
+}
+
+}

backends/postgres/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+Include(FetchContent)
+
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  Catch2
+  GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2.git
+  GIT_TAG        v3.5.4 # or a later release
+)
+
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Catch2)
+
+list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${catch2_SOURCE_DIR}/extras)
+include(CTest)
+include(Catch)
+
+set(POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING "postgres://test:test123@127.0.0.1:15432/test")
+
+configure_file(Connection.hpp.in ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/backends/postgres/test/connection.hpp @ONLY IMMEDIATE)
+
+message(STATUS "postgresql connection string: ${POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING}")
+
+set(TEST_SOURCES
+  ../../tests/QueryTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/ConnectionTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/QueryRecordTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/StatementTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/TypeTraitsTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/StatementCacheTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/SessionTest.cpp)
+
+set(LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET postgres_tests)
+
+add_executable(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} ${TEST_SOURCES})
+
+target_link_libraries(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} PRIVATE
+  Catch2::Catch2WithMain
+  matador
+  ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}
+  ${PostgreSQL_LIBRARY})
+
+target_include_directories(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET}
+  PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}>/include
+  PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}>/test
+  PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
+
+catch_discover_tests(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} TEST_SUFFIX " (PostgreSQL)")

backends/postgres/test/Connection.hpp.in

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef POSTGRES_CONNECTION_HPP
+#define POSTGRES_CONNECTION_HPP
+
+namespace matador::test::connection {
+ const char* const dns = "@POSTGRES_CONNECTION_STRING@";
+}
+
+#endif /*POSTGRES_CONNECTION_HPP*/

backends/sqlite/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ set(HEADER
   include/sqlite_error.hpp
   include/sqlite_dialect.hpp
   include/sqlite_result_reader.hpp
+  include/sqlite_statement.hpp
+  include/sqlite_parameter_binder.h
+  include/sqlite_prepared_result_reader.hpp
 )
 
 set(SOURCES
@@ -10,16 +13,25 @@ set(SOURCES
   src/sqlite_error.cpp
   src/sqlite_dialect.cpp
   src/sqlite_result_reader.cpp
+  src/sqlite_statement.cpp
+  src/sqlite_parameter_binder.cpp
+  src/sqlite_prepared_result_reader.cpp
 )
 
-add_library(matador-sqlite SHARED ${SOURCES} ${HEADER})
+set(LIBRARY_TARGET matador-sqlite)
-target_include_directories(matador-sqlite PRIVATE
+
+add_subdirectory(test)
+
+add_library(${LIBRARY_TARGET} MODULE ${SOURCES} ${HEADER})
+
+set_target_properties(${LIBRARY_TARGET}
+  PROPERTIES
+  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/backends"
+)
+
+target_include_directories(${LIBRARY_TARGET} PRIVATE
   ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
   ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/backends/sqlite/include
   ${SQLite3_INCLUDE_DIRS})
 
-target_link_libraries(matador-sqlite matador ${SQLite3_LIBRARIES})
+target_link_libraries(${LIBRARY_TARGET} matador ${SQLite3_LIBRARIES})
-set_target_properties(matador-sqlite
-  PROPERTIES
-  LIBRARY_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/backends"
-)

backends/sqlite/include/sqlite_connection.hpp

@@ -29,18 +29,18 @@ public:
   bool is_open() override;
 
   std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> fetch(const std::string &stmt) override;
-  void prepare(const std::string &stmt) override;
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::statement_impl> prepare(sql::query_context query) override;
 
   size_t execute(const std::string &stmt) override;
 
-  sql::record describe(const std::string& table) override;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> describe(const std::string& table) override;
 
-  bool exists(const std::string &table_name) override;
+  bool exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name) override;
 
 private:
   struct fetch_context
   {
-    sql::record prototype;
+    std::vector<sql::column_definition> prototype;
     sqlite_result_reader::rows rows;
   };
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ private:
   fetch_context fetch_internal(const std::string &stmt);
 
 private:
-  sqlite3 *sqlite_db_{};
+  sqlite3 *db_{};
 };
 
 }

backends/sqlite/include/sqlite_parameter_binder.h

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_SQLITE_PARAMETER_BINDER_H
+#define QUERY_SQLITE_PARAMETER_BINDER_H
+
+#include "matador/sql/parameter_binder.hpp"
+
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
+
+class sqlite_parameter_binder final : public sql::parameter_binder
+{
+public:
+  explicit sqlite_parameter_binder(sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt);
+
+  void bind(size_t pos, char i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, short i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, long i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, long long int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned char i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned short i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long int i) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, bool b) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, float d) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, double d) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const char *string) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const char *str, size_t size) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str, size_t size) override;
+  void bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &blob) override;
+private:
+  sqlite3 *db_{nullptr};
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt_{nullptr};
+
+  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<std::string> > host_strings_;
+};
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_SQLITE_PARAMETER_BINDER_H

backends/sqlite/include/sqlite_prepared_result_reader.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_SQLITE_PREPARED_RESULT_READER_HPP
+#define QUERY_SQLITE_PREPARED_RESULT_READER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_result_reader.hpp"
+
+#include <sqlite3.h>
+
+namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
+
+class sqlite_prepared_result_reader final : public sql::query_result_reader
+{
+public:
+  sqlite_prepared_result_reader(sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t column_count() const override;
+  [[nodiscard]] const char *column(size_t index) const override;
+  bool fetch() override;
+
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, short &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, int &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long long int &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long int &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, bool &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, float &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, double &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t s) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t s) override;
+  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, sql::value &val, size_t size) override;
+
+private:
+  sqlite3 *db_{nullptr};
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt_{nullptr};
+};
+}
+#endif //QUERY_SQLITE_PREPARED_RESULT_READER_HPP

backends/sqlite/include/sqlite_result_reader.hpp

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
 
-class sqlite_result_reader : public sql::query_result_reader
+class sqlite_result_reader final : public sql::query_result_reader
 {
 public:
   using columns = std::vector<char*>;
@@ -17,28 +17,11 @@ public:
   sqlite_result_reader(rows result, size_t column_count);
   ~sqlite_result_reader() override;
 
-  size_t column_count() const override;
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t column_count() const override;
 
   [[nodiscard]] const char* column(size_t index) const override;
   [[nodiscard]] bool fetch() override;
 
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, short &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long long int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long int &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, bool &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, float &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, double &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t size) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value) override;
-  void read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t s) override;
-
 private:
   rows result_;
   long long row_index_ = -1;

backends/sqlite/include/sqlite_statement.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_SQLITE_STATEMENT_HPP
+#define QUERY_SQLITE_STATEMENT_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/statement_impl.hpp"
+
+#include "sqlite_parameter_binder.h"
+
+namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
+
+class sqlite_statement final : public sql::statement_impl
+{
+public:
+  sqlite_statement(sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt, const sql::query_context &query);
+  ~sqlite_statement();
+
+  size_t execute() override;
+  std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> fetch() override;
+  void reset() override;
+protected:
+  sql::parameter_binder& binder() override;
+
+private:
+  sqlite3 *db_{nullptr};
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt_{nullptr};
+
+  sqlite_parameter_binder binder_;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_SQLITE_STATEMENT_HPP

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_connection.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "sqlite_connection.hpp"
 #include "sqlite_error.hpp"
 #include "sqlite_result_reader.hpp"
+#include "sqlite_statement.hpp"
 
 #include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
 
@@ -20,25 +21,25 @@ void sqlite_connection::open()
     return;
   }
 
-  const auto ret = sqlite3_open(info().database.c_str(), &sqlite_db_);
+  const auto ret = sqlite3_open(info().database.c_str(), &db_);
 
   if (ret != SQLITE_OK) {
-    throw_sqlite_error(ret, sqlite_db_, "open");
+    throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "open");
   }
 }
 
 void sqlite_connection::close()
 {
-  int ret = sqlite3_close(sqlite_db_);
+  int ret = sqlite3_close(db_);
 
-  throw_sqlite_error(ret, sqlite_db_, "close");
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "close");
 
-  sqlite_db_ = nullptr;
+  db_ = nullptr;
 }
 
 bool sqlite_connection::is_open()
 {
-  return sqlite_db_ != nullptr;
+  return db_ != nullptr;
 }
 
 int sqlite_connection::parse_result(void* param, int column_count, char** values, char** columns)
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ int sqlite_connection::parse_result(void* param, int column_count, char** values
 
   if (context->prototype.empty()) {
     for(int i = 0; i < column_count; ++i) {
-      context->prototype.append(sql::column{columns[i]});
+      context->prototype.emplace_back(columns[i]);
     }
   }
 
@@ -75,9 +76,9 @@ sqlite_connection::fetch_context sqlite_connection::fetch_internal(const std::st
 {
   fetch_context context;
   char *errmsg = nullptr;
-  const int ret = sqlite3_exec(sqlite_db_, stmt.c_str(), parse_result, &context, &errmsg);
+  const int ret = sqlite3_exec(db_, stmt.c_str(), parse_result, &context, &errmsg);
 
-  throw_sqlite_error(ret, sqlite_db_, "sqlite", stmt);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite", stmt);
 
   return context;
 }
@@ -85,11 +86,11 @@ sqlite_connection::fetch_context sqlite_connection::fetch_internal(const std::st
 size_t sqlite_connection::execute(const std::string &stmt)
 {
   char *errmsg = nullptr;
-  int ret = sqlite3_exec(sqlite_db_, stmt.c_str(), nullptr, nullptr, &errmsg);
+  int ret = sqlite3_exec(db_, stmt.c_str(), nullptr, nullptr, &errmsg);
 
-  throw_sqlite_error(ret, sqlite_db_, "sqlite", stmt);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite", stmt);
 
-  return sqlite3_changes(sqlite_db_);
+  return sqlite3_changes(db_);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> sqlite_connection::fetch(const std::string &stmt)
@@ -99,8 +100,13 @@ std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> sqlite_connection::fetch(const std::stri
   return std::move(std::make_unique<sql::query_result_impl>(std::make_unique<sqlite_result_reader>(std::move(context.rows), context.prototype.size()), std::move(context.prototype)));
 }
 
-void sqlite_connection::prepare(const std::string &stmt)
+std::unique_ptr<sql::statement_impl> sqlite_connection::prepare(sql::query_context query)
 {
+  sqlite3_stmt *stmt{};
+  int ret = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db_, query.sql.c_str(), static_cast<int>(query.sql.size()), &stmt, nullptr);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_prepare_v2", query.sql);
+
+  return std::make_unique<sqlite_statement>(db_, stmt, query);
 }
 
 sql::data_type_t string2type(const char *type)
@@ -138,36 +144,35 @@ sql::data_type_t string2type(const char *type)
   }
 }
 
-sql::record sqlite_connection::describe(const std::string& table)
+std::vector<sql::column_definition> sqlite_connection::describe(const std::string& table)
 {
   const auto result = fetch_internal("PRAGMA table_info(" + table + ")");
 
-  sqlite_result_reader reader(std::move(result.rows), result.prototype.size());
+  sqlite_result_reader reader(result.rows, result.prototype.size());
-  sql::record prototype;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> prototype;
   while (reader.fetch()) {
     char *end = nullptr;
     // Todo: add index to column
     auto index = strtoul(reader.column(0), &end, 10);
     std::string name = reader.column(1);
 
-    // Todo: extract size
     auto type = (string2type(reader.column(2)));
     end = nullptr;
-    utils::constraints options{};
+    sql::null_option null_opt{sql::null_option::NULLABLE};
     if (strtoul(reader.column(3), &end, 10) == 0) {
-      options = utils::constraints::NOT_NULL;
+      null_opt = sql::null_option::NOT_NULL;
     }
     // f.default_value(res->column(4));
-    prototype.append({name, type, {options}});
+    prototype.emplace_back(name, type, utils::null_attributes, null_opt, index);
   }
 
   return std::move(prototype);
 }
 
-bool sqlite_connection::exists(const std::string &table_name)
+bool sqlite_connection::exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name)
 {
   const auto result = fetch_internal("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND tbl_name='" + table_name + "' LIMIT 1");
-  sqlite_result_reader reader(std::move(result.rows), result.prototype.size());
+  sqlite_result_reader reader(result.rows, result.prototype.size());
 
   if (!reader.fetch()) {
     // Todo: throw an exception?

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_dialect.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 #include "sqlite_dialect.hpp"
 
-[[maybe_unused]] const matador::sql::dialect* get_dialect() {
+#include "matador/sql/dialect_builder.hpp"
+
+[[maybe_unused]] const matador::sql::dialect *get_dialect()
+{
   using namespace matador::sql;
-  const static dialect d{{
+  const static dialect d = dialect_builder::builder()
+    .create()
+    .with_token_replace_map({
                               {dialect::token_t::BEGIN,    "BEGIN TRANSACTION"},
                               {dialect::token_t::COMMIT,   "COMMIT TRANSACTION"},
                               {dialect::token_t::ROLLBACK, "ROLLBACK TRANSACTION"}
-  }};
+                            })
+    .with_default_schema_name("main")
+    .build();
+
   return &d;
 }

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_error.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
 
 void throw_sqlite_error(int ec, sqlite3 *db, const std::string &source)
 {
-  if (ec != SQLITE_OK) {
+  if (ec != SQLITE_OK && ec != SQLITE_DONE) {
     std::stringstream msg;
     msg << "sqlite error (" << source << "): " << sqlite3_errmsg(db);
     throw std::logic_error(msg.str());
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ void throw_sqlite_error(int ec, sqlite3 *db, const std::string &source)
 
 void throw_sqlite_error(int ec, sqlite3 *db, const std::string &source, const std::string &sql)
 {
-  if (ec != SQLITE_OK) {
+  if (ec != SQLITE_OK&& ec != SQLITE_DONE) {
     std::stringstream msg;
     msg << "sqlite error (" << source << ", sql: " << sql << "): " << sqlite3_errmsg(db);
     throw std::logic_error(msg.str());

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_parameter_binder.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#include "sqlite_parameter_binder.h"
+#include "sqlite_error.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
+
+sqlite_parameter_binder::sqlite_parameter_binder(sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
+: db_(db)
+, stmt_(stmt)
+{}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, char i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, short i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, int i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, long i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, long long int i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned char i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned short i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned int i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned long i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long int i)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int64(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), i);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, bool b)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), b);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, float d)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_double(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), d);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, double d)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_double(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), d);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_int");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const char *str)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), str, static_cast<int>(strlen(str)), nullptr);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_text");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const char *x, size_t size)
+{
+  auto len = strlen(x);
+  size = (len > size) ? size : len;
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), x, static_cast<int>(size), nullptr);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_text");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const std::string &str)
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), str.c_str(), static_cast<int>(str.size()), nullptr);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_text");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const std::string &x, size_t size)
+{
+  auto len = x.size();
+  if (size == 0) {
+    size = len;
+  } else {
+    size = (len > size) ? size : len;
+  }
+  int ret = sqlite3_bind_text(stmt_, static_cast<int>(++pos), x.data(), static_cast<int>(size), nullptr);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_bind_text");
+}
+
+void sqlite_parameter_binder::bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &blob)
+{
+
+}
+
+}

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_prepared_result_reader.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+#include "sqlite_prepared_result_reader.hpp"
+#include "sqlite_error.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
+
+sqlite_prepared_result_reader::sqlite_prepared_result_reader(sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt)
+: db_(db)
+, stmt_(stmt)
+{}
+
+size_t sqlite_prepared_result_reader::column_count() const
+{
+  return sqlite3_column_count(stmt_);
+}
+
+const char *sqlite_prepared_result_reader::column(size_t index) const
+{
+  return reinterpret_cast<const char*>(sqlite3_column_text(stmt_, static_cast<int>(index)));
+}
+
+bool sqlite_prepared_result_reader::fetch()
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_step(stmt_);
+  if (ret != SQLITE_ROW) {
+    throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_step");
+  }
+  return ret != SQLITE_DONE;
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char &value)
+{
+  value = static_cast<char>(sqlite3_column_int(stmt_, static_cast<int>(index)));
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, short &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, int &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long long int &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long int &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, bool &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, float &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, double &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t s)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value, s);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t s)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, value, s);
+}
+
+void sqlite_prepared_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, sql::value &val, size_t size)
+{
+  query_result_reader::read_value(id, index, val, size);
+}
+}

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_result_reader.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 #include "sqlite_result_reader.hpp"
 
-#include "matador/sql/to_value.hpp"
-
 #include <algorithm>
 
 namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
@@ -34,99 +32,4 @@ bool sqlite_result_reader::fetch()
   return ++row_index_ < result_.size();
 }
 
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, short &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, long long int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long int &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, bool &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, float &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, double &value)
-{
-  sql::to_value(value, result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t size)
-{
-  auto val = result_[row_index_][index];
-  size_t len = strlen(val);
-  if (len > size) {
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    strncpy_s(value, size, val, len);
-#else
-    strncpy(value, val, size);
-#endif
-    value[size-1] = '\n';
-  } else {
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    strcpy_s(value, size, val);
-#else
-    strcpy(value, val);
-#endif
-  }
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value)
-{
-  value.assign(result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
-void sqlite_result_reader::read_value(const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t s)
-{
-  value.assign(result_[row_index_][index]);
-}
-
 }

backends/sqlite/src/sqlite_statement.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "sqlite_statement.hpp"
+#include "sqlite_prepared_result_reader.hpp"
+#include "sqlite_error.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::backends::sqlite {
+sqlite_statement::sqlite_statement(sqlite3 *db, sqlite3_stmt *stmt, const sql::query_context &query)
+: statement_impl(query)
+, db_(db)
+, stmt_(stmt)
+, binder_(db, stmt)
+{}
+
+sqlite_statement::~sqlite_statement()
+{
+  sqlite3_finalize(stmt_);
+}
+
+size_t sqlite_statement::execute()
+{
+  // get next row
+  int ret = sqlite3_reset(stmt_);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_reset");
+  if (ret = sqlite3_step(stmt_); ret != SQLITE_DONE) {
+    throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_step");
+  }
+
+  return sqlite3_changes(db_);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sql::query_result_impl> sqlite_statement::fetch()
+{
+  int ret = sqlite3_reset(stmt_);
+  throw_sqlite_error(ret, db_, "sqlite3_reset");
+
+  auto reader = std::make_unique<sqlite_prepared_result_reader>(db_, stmt_);
+  return std::move(std::make_unique<sql::query_result_impl>(std::move(reader), query_.prototype));
+}
+
+void sqlite_statement::reset()
+{
+  if (stmt_) {
+    sqlite3_reset(stmt_);
+    sqlite3_clear_bindings(stmt_);
+  }
+}
+
+sql::parameter_binder& sqlite_statement::binder()
+{
+  return binder_;
+}
+
+}

backends/sqlite/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+Include(FetchContent)
+
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  Catch2
+  GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/catchorg/Catch2.git
+  GIT_TAG        v3.5.4 # or a later release
+)
+
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(Catch2)
+
+list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${catch2_SOURCE_DIR}/extras)
+include(CTest)
+include(Catch)
+
+set(SQLITE_CONNECTION_STRING "sqlite://test.db")
+
+configure_file(Connection.hpp.in ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/backends/sqlite/test/connection.hpp @ONLY IMMEDIATE)
+
+message(STATUS "sqlite connection string: ${SQLITE_CONNECTION_STRING}")
+
+set(TEST_SOURCES
+  ../../tests/QueryTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/QueryTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/ConnectionTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/QueryRecordTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/StatementTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/TypeTraitsTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/StatementCacheTest.cpp
+  ../../tests/SessionTest.cpp)
+
+set(LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET sqlite_tests)
+
+add_executable(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} ${TEST_SOURCES})
+
+target_link_libraries(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} PRIVATE
+  Catch2::Catch2WithMain
+  matador
+  ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}
+  ${SQLite3_LIBRARY})
+
+target_include_directories(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET}
+  PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}>/include
+  PRIVATE $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}>/test
+  PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
+
+catch_discover_tests(${LIBRARY_TEST_TARGET} TEST_SUFFIX " (SQLite3)")

backends/sqlite/test/Connection.hpp.in

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef SQLITE_CONNECTION_HPP
+#define SQLITE_CONNECTION_HPP
+
+namespace matador::test::connection {
+ const char* const dns = "@SQLITE_CONNECTION_STRING@";
+}
+
+#endif /*SQLITE_CONNECTION_HPP*/

backends/tests/ConnectionTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#include "catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/connection.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+using namespace matador::sql;
+
+TEST_CASE("Create connection test", "[connection]") {
+
+  connection c(matador::test::connection::dns);
+  REQUIRE(!c.is_open());
+
+  c.open();
+  REQUIRE(c.is_open());
+
+  c.close();
+  REQUIRE(!c.is_open());
+}

backends/tests/QueryRecordTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
+
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/connection.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_builder.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+#include <list>
+
+class QueryRecordFixture
+{
+public:
+  QueryRecordFixture()
+  : db(matador::test::connection::dns)
+  , schema(db.dialect().default_schema_name())
+  {
+    db.open();
+  }
+  ~QueryRecordFixture() {
+    drop_table_if_exists("flight");
+    drop_table_if_exists("airplane");
+    drop_table_if_exists("person");
+    drop_table_if_exists("quotes");
+  }
+
+protected:
+  matador::sql::connection db;
+  matador::sql::schema schema;
+
+private:
+  void drop_table_if_exists(const std::string &table_name) {
+    if (db.exists(table_name)) {
+      db.query(schema).drop().table(table_name).execute();
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+using namespace matador::sql;
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Create and drop table statement", "[session][record]")
+{
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("person"));
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(db.exists("person"));
+
+  db.query(schema).drop()
+  .table("person")
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("person"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Create and drop table statement with foreign key", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("airplane", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("brand", 255),
+    make_column<std::string>("model", 255),
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(db.exists("airplane"));
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("flight", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_fk_column<unsigned long>("airplane_id", "airplane", "id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("pilot_name", 255),
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(db.exists("flight"));
+
+  db.query(schema).drop()
+  .table("flight")
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("flight"));
+
+  db.query(schema).drop()
+  .table("airplane")
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("airplane"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute insert record statement", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert()
+  .into("person", {"id", "name", "age"})
+  .values({7, "george", 45})
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto result = db.query(schema).select({"id", "name", "age"})
+  .from("person")
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  for (const auto &i: result) {
+    REQUIRE(i.size() == 3);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).name() == "id");
+    //    REQUIRE(i.at(0).type() == data_type_t::type_long_long);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).template as<long long>() == 7);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).name() == "name");
+    //    REQUIRE(i.at(1).type() == data_type_t::type_varchar);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).template as<std::string>() == "george");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).name() == "age");
+    //    REQUIRE(i.at(2).type() == matador::sql::data_type_t::type_int);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).template as<int>() == 45);
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop()
+  .table("person")
+  .execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute insert record statement with foreign key", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("airplane", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("brand", 255),
+    make_column<std::string>("model", 255),
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("flight", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_fk_column<unsigned long>("airplane_id", "airplane", "id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("pilot_name", 255),
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert().into("airplane", {"id", "brand", "model"}).values({1, "Airbus", "A380"}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("airplane", {"id", "brand", "model"}).values({2, "Boeing", "707"}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("airplane", {"id", "brand", "model"}).values({3, "Boeing", "747"}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto count = db.query(schema).select({count_all()}).from("airplane").fetch_value<int>();
+  REQUIRE(count == 3);
+
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("flight", {"id", "airplane_id", "pilot_name"}).values({4, 1, "George"}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("flight").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("airplane").execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("flight"));
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("airplane"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute update record statement", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert()
+  .into("person", {"id", "name", "age"})
+  .values({7, "george", 45})
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  res = db.query(schema).update("person")
+  .set({{"id",   7},
+        {"name", "jane"},
+        {"age",  35}})
+  .where("id"_col == 7)
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto result = db.query(schema).select({"id", "name", "age"})
+  .from("person")
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  for (const auto &i: result) {
+    REQUIRE(i.size() == 3);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).name() == "id");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).is_integer());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).as<long long>() == 7);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).name() == "name");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).is_varchar());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).as<std::string>() == "jane");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).name() == "age");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).is_integer());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).as<int>() == 35);
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute select statement", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({1, "george", 45}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({2, "jane", 32}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({3, "michael", 67}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({4, "bob", 13}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto result = db.query(schema).select({"id", "name", "age"})
+  .from("person")
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  std::list<std::string> expected_names{"george", "jane", "michael", "bob"};
+  for (const auto &p: result) {
+    REQUIRE(p.at(1).str() == expected_names.front());
+    expected_names.pop_front();
+  }
+  REQUIRE(expected_names.empty());
+
+  auto rec = db.query(schema).select({"id", "name", "age"})
+  .from("person")
+  .fetch_one();
+  REQUIRE(rec.has_value());
+  REQUIRE(rec->at(1).str() == "george");
+
+  auto name = db.query(schema).select({"name"})
+  .from("person")
+  .fetch_value<std::string>();
+  REQUIRE(name == "george");
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute select statement with order by", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({1, "george", 45}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({2, "jane", 32}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({3, "michael", 67}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({4, "bob", 13}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto result = db.query(schema).select({"id", "name", "age"})
+  .from("person")
+  .order_by("name").asc()
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  std::list<std::string> expected_names{"bob", "george", "jane", "michael"};
+  for (const auto &p: result) {
+    REQUIRE(p.at(1).str() == expected_names.front());
+    expected_names.pop_front();
+  }
+  REQUIRE(expected_names.empty());
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute select statement with group by and order by", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({1, "george", 45}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({2, "jane", 45}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({3, "michael", 13}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({4, "bob", 13}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({5, "charlie", 67}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto result = db.query(schema).select({count("age").as("age_count"), "age"})
+  .from("person")
+  .group_by("age")
+  .order_by("age_count").desc()
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  std::list<std::pair<int, int>> expected_values{{2, 45},
+                                                 {2, 13},
+                                                 {1, 67}};
+  for (const auto &r: result) {
+    REQUIRE(r.at(0).as<int>() == expected_values.front().first);
+    REQUIRE(r.at(1).as<int>() == expected_values.front().second);
+    expected_values.pop_front();
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Execute delete statement", "[session][record]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+    make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+    make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+    make_column<unsigned short>("age")
+  }).execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({1, "george", 45}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  res = db.query(schema).insert().into("person", {"id", "name", "age"}).values({2, "jane", 45}).execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto count = db.query(schema).select({count_all()}).from("person").fetch_value<int>();
+  REQUIRE(count == 2);
+
+  res = db.query(schema).remove()
+  .from("person")
+  .where("id"_col == 1)
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  count = db.query(schema).select({count_all()}).from("person").fetch_value<int>();
+  REQUIRE(count == 1);
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryRecordFixture, "Test quoted identifier", "[session][record]") {
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("quotes", {
+    make_column<std::string>("from", 255),
+    make_column<std::string>("to", 255)
+  }).execute();
+
+  // check table description
+  std::vector<std::string> columns = { "from", "to"};
+  std::vector<data_type_t> types = {data_type_t::type_varchar, data_type_t::type_varchar};
+  auto fields = db.describe("quotes");
+
+  for (const auto &field : fields) {
+    REQUIRE(field.name() == columns[field.index()]);
+    REQUIRE(field.type() == types[field.index()]);
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).insert().into("quotes", {"from", "to"}).values({"Berlin", "London"}).execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).select({"from", "to"}).from("quotes").fetch_one();
+
+  REQUIRE(res.has_value());
+  REQUIRE("Berlin" == res->at("from").str());
+  REQUIRE("London" == res->at("to").str());
+
+  db.query(schema).update("quotes").set({{"from", "Hamburg"}, {"to", "New York"}}).where("from"_col == "Berlin").execute();
+
+  res = db.query(schema).select({"from", "to"}).from("quotes").fetch_one();
+
+  REQUIRE("Hamburg" == res->at("from").str());
+  REQUIRE("New York" == res->at("to").str());
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("quotes").execute();
+}

backends/tests/QueryTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,535 @@
+#include "catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_builder.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/session.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+#include "models/airplane.hpp"
+#include "models/flight.hpp"
+#include "models/person.hpp"
+#include "models/recipe.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace matador::sql;
+using namespace matador::test;
+
+class QueryFixture
+{
+public:
+  QueryFixture()
+  : db(matador::test::connection::dns)
+  , schema(db.dialect().default_schema_name())
+  {
+    db.open();
+  }
+
+  ~QueryFixture()
+  {
+    drop_table_if_exists("flight");
+    drop_table_if_exists("airplane");
+    drop_table_if_exists("person");
+    drop_table_if_exists("recipe_ingredients");
+    drop_table_if_exists("recipes");
+    drop_table_if_exists("ingredients");
+  }
+
+protected:
+  matador::sql::connection db;
+  matador::sql::schema schema;
+
+private:
+  void drop_table_if_exists(const std::string &table_name)
+  {
+    if (db.exists(table_name)) {
+      db.query(schema).drop().table(table_name).execute();
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Create table with foreign key relation", "[session]")
+{
+  schema.attach<airplane>("airplane");
+  schema.attach<flight>("flight");
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<airplane>("airplane")
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(db.exists("airplane"));
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<flight>("flight")
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(db.exists("flight"));
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("flight").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("airplane").execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("flight"));
+  REQUIRE(!db.exists("airplane"));
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Execute select statement with where clause", "[session]")
+{
+  schema.attach<person>("person");
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<person>("person")
+  .execute();
+
+  person george{7, "george", 45};
+  george.image.push_back(37);
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema)
+  .insert()
+  .into("person", column_generator::generate<person>(schema, true))
+  .values(george)
+  .execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  // fetch person as record
+  auto result_record = db.query(schema)
+    .select(column_generator::generate<person>(schema, true))
+    .from("person")
+    .where("id"_col == 7)
+    .fetch_all();
+
+  for (const auto &i: result_record) {
+    REQUIRE(i.size() == 4);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).name() == "id");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).is_integer());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).as<long long>() == george.id);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).name() == "name");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).is_varchar());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).as<std::string>() == george.name);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).name() == "age");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).is_integer());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).as<long long>() == george.age);
+  }
+
+  // fetch person as person
+  auto result_person = db.query(schema)
+    .select(column_generator::generate<person>(schema, true))
+    .from("person")
+    .where("id"_col == 7)
+    .fetch_all<person>();
+
+  for (const auto &i: result_person) {
+    REQUIRE(i.id == 7);
+    REQUIRE(i.name == "george");
+    REQUIRE(i.age == 45);
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Execute insert statement", "[session]")
+{
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table("person", {
+  make_pk_column<unsigned long>("id"),
+  make_column<std::string>("name", 255),
+  make_column<std::string>("color", 63)
+  })
+  .execute();
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema).insert()
+  .into("person", {{"", "id", ""}, {"", "name", ""}, {"", "color", ""}})
+  .values({7, "george", "green"})
+  .execute();
+
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  // fetch person as record
+  auto result_record = db.query(schema).select({"id", "name", "color"})
+  .from("person")
+  .where("id"_col == 7)
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  for (const auto &i: result_record) {
+    REQUIRE(i.size() == 3);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).name() == "id");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).is_integer());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(0).as<unsigned long>() == 7);
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).name() == "name");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).is_varchar());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(1).as<std::string>() == "george");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).name() == "color");
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).is_varchar());
+    REQUIRE(i.at(2).as<std::string>() == "green");
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("person").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Select statement with foreign key", "[session]")
+{
+  schema.attach<airplane>("airplane");
+  schema.attach<flight>("flight");
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<airplane>("airplane")
+  .execute();
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<flight>("flight")
+  .execute();
+
+  std::vector<entity<airplane>> planes{
+  make_entity<airplane>(1, "Airbus", "A380"),
+  make_entity<airplane>(2, "Boeing", "707"),
+  make_entity<airplane>(3, "Boeing", "747")
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &plane: planes) {
+    auto res = db.query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("airplane", column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+      .values(*plane)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  auto count = db.query(schema)
+    .select({count_all()})
+    .from("airplane")
+    .fetch_value<int>().value();
+  REQUIRE(count == 3);
+
+  flight f4711{4, planes.at(1), "hans"};
+
+  auto res = db.query(schema)
+    .insert()
+    .into("flight", column_generator::generate<flight>(schema, true))
+    .values(f4711)
+    .execute();
+  REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+  auto f = *db.query(schema)
+    .select(column_generator::generate<flight>(schema, true))
+    .from("flight")
+    .fetch_all().begin();
+  REQUIRE(f.at(0).as<unsigned long>() == 4);
+  REQUIRE(f.at(1).as<unsigned long>() == 2);
+  REQUIRE(f.at(2).as<std::string>() == "hans");
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("flight").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("airplane").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Select statement with foreign key and join_left", "[session][join_left]")
+{
+  schema.attach<airplane>("airplane");
+  schema.attach<flight>("flight");
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<airplane>("airplane")
+  .execute();
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<flight>("flight")
+  .execute();
+
+  std::vector<entity<airplane>> planes{
+  make_entity<airplane>(1, "Airbus", "A380"),
+  make_entity<airplane>(2, "Boeing", "707"),
+  make_entity<airplane>(3, "Boeing", "747")
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &plane: planes) {
+    auto res = db.query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("airplane", column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+      .values(*plane)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  auto count = db.query(schema)
+    .select({count_all()})
+    .from("airplane")
+    .fetch_value<int>().value();
+  REQUIRE(count == 3);
+
+  std::vector<entity<flight>> flights{
+  make_entity<flight>(4, planes.at(0), "hans"),
+  make_entity<flight>(5, planes.at(0), "otto"),
+  make_entity<flight>(6, planes.at(1), "george"),
+  make_entity<flight>(7, planes.at(2), "paul")
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &f: flights) {
+    auto res = db.query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("flight", {"id", "airplane_id", "pilot_name"})
+      .values(*f)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  auto f = *db.query(schema)
+    .select(column_generator::generate<flight>(schema, true))
+    .from("flight")
+    .fetch_all().begin();
+  REQUIRE(f.at(0).as<unsigned long>() == 4);
+  REQUIRE(f.at(1).as<unsigned long>() == 1);
+  REQUIRE(f.at(2).as<std::string>() == "hans");
+
+  auto result = db.query(schema).select({"f.id", "ap.brand", "ap.model", "f.pilot_name"})
+    .from({"flight", "f"})
+    .join_left({"airplane", "ap"})
+    .on("f.airplane_id"_col == "ap.id"_col)
+    .order_by("f.id").asc()
+    .fetch_all();
+
+  std::vector<std::pair<unsigned long, std::string>> expected_result {
+    {4, "hans"},
+    {5, "otto"},
+    {6, "george"},
+    {7, "paul"}
+  };
+  size_t index{0};
+  for (const auto &r: result) {
+    REQUIRE(r.size() == 4);
+    REQUIRE(r.at(0).as<unsigned long>() == expected_result[index].first);
+    REQUIRE(r.at(3).as<std::string>() == expected_result[index++].second);
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("flight").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("airplane").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Select statement with foreign key and for single entity", "[session][join_left][find]") {
+  schema.attach<airplane>("airplane");
+  schema.attach<flight>("flight");
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<airplane>("airplane")
+  .execute();
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<flight>("flight")
+  .execute();
+
+  std::vector<entity<airplane>> planes{
+  make_entity<airplane>(1, "Airbus", "A380"),
+  make_entity<airplane>(2, "Boeing", "707"),
+  make_entity<airplane>(3, "Boeing", "747")
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &plane: planes) {
+    auto res = db
+      .query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("airplane", column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+      .values(*plane)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  auto count = db
+    .query(schema)
+    .select({count_all()})
+    .from("airplane")
+    .fetch_value<int>().value();
+  REQUIRE(count == 3);
+
+  std::vector<entity<flight>> flights{
+  make_entity<flight>(4, planes.at(0), "hans"),
+  make_entity<flight>(5, planes.at(0), "otto"),
+  make_entity<flight>(6, planes.at(1), "george"),
+  make_entity<flight>(7, planes.at(2), "paul")
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &f: flights) {
+    auto res = db.query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("flight", column_generator::generate<flight>(schema, true))
+      .values(*f)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  auto f = db.query(schema)
+    .select(column_generator::generate<flight>(schema, true))
+    .from("flight")
+    .fetch_one();
+  REQUIRE(f.has_value());
+  REQUIRE(f->at(0).as<unsigned long>() == 4);
+  REQUIRE(f->at(1).as<unsigned long>() == 1);
+  REQUIRE(f->at(2).as<std::string>() == "hans");
+
+  auto result = db
+    .query(schema)
+    .select({"f.id", "f.airplane_id", "ap.brand", "ap.model", "f.pilot_name"})
+    .from({"flight", "f"})
+    .join_left({"airplane", "ap"})
+    .on("f.airplane_id"_col == "ap.id"_col)
+    .where("f.id"_col == 4)
+    .fetch_one<flight>();
+
+  auto expected_flight = flights[0];
+
+  REQUIRE(result);
+  REQUIRE(result->id == expected_flight->id);
+  REQUIRE(result->pilot_name == expected_flight->pilot_name);
+  REQUIRE(result->airplane.get());
+  REQUIRE(result->airplane->id == 1);
+  REQUIRE(result->airplane->model == "A380");
+  REQUIRE(result->airplane->brand == "Airbus");
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("flight").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("airplane").execute();
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(QueryFixture, "Select statement with many to many relationship", "[session][join][many_to_many]") {
+  schema.attach<recipe>("recipes");
+  schema.attach<ingredient>("ingredients");
+  schema.attach<recipe_ingredient>("recipe_ingredients");
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<recipe>("recipes")
+  .execute();
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<ingredient>("ingredients")
+  .execute();
+
+  db.query(schema).create()
+  .table<recipe_ingredient>("recipe_ingredients")
+  .execute();
+
+  std::vector<ingredient> ingredients {
+    {1, "Apple"},
+    {2, "Strawberry"},
+    {3, "Pineapple"},
+    {4, "Sugar"},
+    {5, "Flour"},
+    {6, "Butter"},
+    {7, "Beans"}
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &i: ingredients) {
+    auto res = db
+    .query(schema)
+    .insert()
+    .into("ingredients", column_generator::generate<ingredient>(schema, true))
+    .values(i)
+    .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  std::vector<recipe> recipes{
+    {7, "Apple Crumble"},
+    {8, "Beans Chili"},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad"}
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &r: recipes) {
+    auto res = db
+    .query(schema)
+    .insert()
+    .into("recipes", column_generator::generate<recipe>(schema, true))
+    .values(r)
+    .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  std::vector<std::pair<int, int>> recipe_ingredients {
+    { 7, 1 },
+    { 7, 4 },
+    { 7, 5 },
+    { 8, 6 },
+    { 8, 7 },
+    { 9, 1 },
+    { 9, 2 },
+    { 9, 3 }
+  };
+
+  for (const auto &ri: recipe_ingredients) {
+    auto res = db
+    .query(schema)
+    .insert()
+    .into("recipe_ingredients", column_generator::generate<recipe_ingredient>(schema, true))
+    .values({ri.first, ri.second})
+    .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+  }
+
+  auto result = db
+    .query(schema)
+    .select({"r.id", "r.name", "ri.ingredient_id"})
+    .from({"recipes", "r"})
+    .join_left({"recipe_ingredients", "ri"})
+    .on("r.id"_col == "ri.recipe_id"_col)
+    .fetch_all();
+
+  std::vector<std::tuple<unsigned long, std::string, unsigned long>> expected_result_one_join {
+    {7, "Apple Crumble", 1},
+    {7, "Apple Crumble", 4},
+    {7, "Apple Crumble", 5},
+    {8, "Beans Chili", 6},
+    {8, "Beans Chili", 7},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad", 1},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad", 2},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad", 3}
+  };
+  size_t index{0};
+  for (const auto &r: result) {
+    REQUIRE(r.size() == 3);
+    REQUIRE(r.at(0).as<unsigned long>().value() == std::get<0>(expected_result_one_join[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(1).as<std::string>().value() == std::get<1>(expected_result_one_join[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(2).as<unsigned long>().value() == std::get<2>(expected_result_one_join[index]));
+    ++index;
+  }
+
+  result = db
+  .query(schema)
+  .select({"r.id", "r.name", "ri.ingredient_id", "i.name"})
+  .from({"recipes", "r"})
+  .join_left({"recipe_ingredients", "ri"}).on("r.id"_col == "ri.recipe_id"_col)
+  .join_left({"ingredients", "i"}).on("ri.ingredient_id"_col == "i.id"_col)
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  std::vector<std::tuple<unsigned long, std::string, unsigned long, std::string>> expected_result_two_joins {
+    {7, "Apple Crumble", 1, "Apple"},
+    {7, "Apple Crumble", 4, "Sugar"},
+    {7, "Apple Crumble", 5, "Flour"},
+    {8, "Beans Chili", 6, "Butter"},
+    {8, "Beans Chili", 7, "Beans"},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad", 1, "Apple"},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad", 2, "Strawberry"},
+    {9, "Fruit Salad", 3, "Pineapple"}
+  };
+  index = 0;
+  for (const auto &r: result) {
+    REQUIRE(r.size() == 4);
+    REQUIRE(r.at(0).as<unsigned long>().value() == std::get<0>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(1).as<std::string>().value() == std::get<1>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(2).as<unsigned long>().value() == std::get<2>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(3).as<std::string>().value() == std::get<3>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    ++index;
+  }
+
+  result = db
+  .query(schema)
+  .select({"r.id", "r.name", "ri.ingredient_id", "i.name"})
+  .from({"recipes", "r"})
+  .join_left({"recipe_ingredients", "ri"}).on("r.id"_col == "ri.recipe_id"_col)
+  .join_left({"ingredients", "i"}).on("ri.ingredient_id"_col == "i.id"_col)
+  .where("r.id"_col == 8)
+  .fetch_all();
+
+  index = 3;
+  for (const auto &r: result) {
+    REQUIRE(r.size() == 4);
+    REQUIRE(r.at(0).as<unsigned long>().value() == std::get<0>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(1).as<std::string>().value() == std::get<1>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(2).as<unsigned long>().value() == std::get<2>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    REQUIRE(r.at(3).as<std::string>().value() == std::get<3>(expected_result_two_joins[index]));
+    ++index;
+  }
+
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("recipe_ingredients").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("recipes").execute();
+  db.query(schema).drop().table("ingredients").execute();
+}

backends/tests/SessionTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+#include "catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/session.hpp"
+
+#include "models/airplane.hpp"
+#include "models/flight.hpp"
+
+class SessionFixture
+{
+public:
+  SessionFixture()
+    : pool(matador::test::connection::dns, 4)
+    , ses(pool)
+  {}
+
+  ~SessionFixture()
+  {
+    drop_table_if_exists("flights");
+    drop_table_if_exists("airplanes");
+  }
+
+protected:
+  matador::sql::connection_pool<matador::sql::connection> pool;
+  matador::sql::session ses;
+
+private:
+  void drop_table_if_exists(const std::string &table_name)
+  {
+    if (ses.table_exists(table_name)) {
+      ses.drop_table(table_name);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+using namespace matador;
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(SessionFixture, "Session relation test", "[session][relation]") {
+  using namespace matador;
+  ses.attach<test::airplane>("airplanes");
+  ses.attach<test::flight>("flights");
+  ses.create_schema();
+  auto plane = ses.insert<test::airplane>(1, "Boeing", "A380");
+  auto f = ses.insert<test::flight>(2, plane, "sully");
+
+  auto result = ses.find<test::flight>(2);
+  REQUIRE(result.is_ok());
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(SessionFixture, "Use session to find object with id", "[session][find]") {
+  using namespace matador::test;
+  ses.attach<airplane>("airplanes");
+  ses.create_schema();
+  auto a380 = ses.insert<airplane>(1, "Boeing", "A380");
+
+  auto result = ses.find<airplane>(2);
+  REQUIRE(!result.is_ok());
+  REQUIRE((result.err() == sql::session_error::FailedToFindObject));
+
+  result = ses.find<airplane>(1);
+
+  REQUIRE(result);
+  auto read_a380 = result.value();
+  REQUIRE(a380->id == read_a380->id);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(SessionFixture, "Use session to find all objects", "[session][find]") {
+  using namespace matador::test;
+  ses.attach<airplane>("airplanes");
+  ses.create_schema();
+
+  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<airplane>> planes;
+  planes.emplace_back(new airplane(1, "Airbus", "A380"));
+  planes.emplace_back(new airplane(2, "Boeing", "707"));
+  planes.emplace_back(new airplane(3, "Boeing", "747"));
+
+  for (auto &&plane: planes) {
+    ses.insert(plane.release());
+  }
+
+  auto result = ses.find<airplane>();
+
+  std::vector<std::tuple<int, std::string, std::string>> expected_result {
+    {1, "Airbus", "A380"},
+    {2, "Boeing", "707"},
+    {3, "Boeing", "747"}
+  };
+  REQUIRE(result);
+  auto all_planes = result.release();
+  size_t index {0};
+  for (const auto &i: all_planes) {
+    REQUIRE(i.id == std::get<0>(expected_result[index]));
+    REQUIRE(i.brand == std::get<1>(expected_result[index]));
+    REQUIRE(i.model == std::get<2>(expected_result[index]));
+    ++index;
+  }
+
+}

backends/tests/StatementCacheTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
+
+#include "matador/sql/connection_info.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/connection_pool.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/session.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/statement_cache.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+using namespace matador;
+
+class StatementCacheFixture
+{
+public:
+  StatementCacheFixture()
+  : pool(matador::test::connection::dns, 4), ses(pool)
+  {}
+  ~StatementCacheFixture() = default;
+
+protected:
+  matador::sql::connection_pool<matador::sql::connection> pool;
+  matador::sql::session ses;
+};
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(StatementCacheFixture, "Acquire prepared statement", "[statement cache]") {
+  sql::statement_cache cache;
+
+  auto conn = pool.acquire();
+
+  std::string sql = R"(SELECT * FROM person WHERE name = 'george')";
+//  auto &stmt = cache.acquire(sql, *conn);
+}

backends/tests/StatementTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
+
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/connection.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+#include "models/airplane.hpp"
+
+using namespace matador::sql;
+using namespace matador::test;
+
+class StatementTestFixture
+{
+public:
+  StatementTestFixture()
+  : db(matador::test::connection::dns)
+  , schema(db.dialect().default_schema_name())
+  {
+    db.open();
+    db.query(schema).create().table<airplane>("airplane").execute();
+  }
+
+  ~StatementTestFixture()
+  {
+    drop_table_if_exists("airplane");
+  }
+
+protected:
+  matador::sql::connection db;
+  matador::sql::schema schema;
+
+  std::vector<entity<airplane>> planes{
+    make_entity<airplane>(1, "Airbus", "A380"),
+    make_entity<airplane>(2, "Boeing", "707"),
+    make_entity<airplane>(3, "Boeing", "747")
+  };
+
+private:
+  void drop_table_if_exists(const std::string &table_name) {
+    if (db.exists(table_name)) {
+      db.query(schema).drop().table(table_name).execute();
+    }
+  }
+
+};
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(StatementTestFixture, "Create prepared statement", "[statement]")
+{
+  schema.attach<airplane>("airplane");
+  table ap{"airplane"};
+  SECTION("Insert with prepared statement and placeholder") {
+    auto stmt = db.query(schema).insert()
+    .into("airplane", column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+    .values<airplane>()
+    .prepare();
+
+    for (const auto &plane: planes) {
+      auto res = stmt.bind(*plane).execute();
+      REQUIRE(res == 1);
+      stmt.reset();
+    }
+
+    auto result = db.query(schema)
+      .select(column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+      .from(ap)
+      .fetch_all<airplane>();
+
+    size_t index{0};
+    for (const auto &i: result) {
+      REQUIRE(i.id == planes[index]->id);
+      REQUIRE(i.brand == planes[index]->brand);
+      REQUIRE(i.model == planes[index++]->model);
+    }
+  }
+
+  SECTION("Select with prepared statement") {
+    for (const auto &plane: planes) {
+      auto res = db.query(schema)
+        .insert()
+        .into("airplane", column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+        .values(*plane)
+        .execute();
+      REQUIRE(res == 1);
+    }
+
+    auto stmt = db.query(schema)
+      .select(column_generator::generate<airplane>(schema, true))
+      .from(ap)
+      .where("brand"_col == _)
+      .prepare();
+
+    stmt.bind(0, "Airbus");
+
+    auto result = stmt.fetch<airplane>();
+
+    for (const auto &i: result) {
+      REQUIRE(i.id == planes[0]->id);
+      REQUIRE(i.brand == planes[0]->brand);
+      REQUIRE(i.model == planes[0]->model);
+    }
+
+    stmt.reset();
+
+    stmt.bind(0, "Boeing");
+
+    result = stmt.fetch<airplane>();
+
+    size_t index{1};
+    for (const auto &i: result) {
+      REQUIRE(i.id == planes[index]->id);
+      REQUIRE(i.brand == planes[index]->brand);
+      REQUIRE(i.model == planes[index++]->model);
+    }
+  }
+}

backends/tests/TypeTraitsTest.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#include <catch2/catch_test_macros.hpp>
+
+#include "matador/sql/connection.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column_generator.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/enum_mapper.hpp"
+
+#include "connection.hpp"
+
+#include "models/location.hpp"
+
+using namespace matador::sql;
+using namespace matador::test;
+
+class TypeTraitsTestFixture
+{
+public:
+  TypeTraitsTestFixture()
+  : db(matador::test::connection::dns)
+  , schema(db.dialect().default_schema_name())
+  {
+    db.open();
+    db.query(schema).create()
+    .table<location>("location")
+    .execute();
+  }
+
+  ~TypeTraitsTestFixture()
+  {
+    db.query(schema).drop().table("location").execute();
+  }
+
+protected:
+  matador::sql::connection db;
+  matador::sql::schema schema;
+
+private:
+  void drop_table_if_exists(const std::string &table_name) {
+    if (db.exists(table_name)) {
+      db.query(schema).drop().table(table_name).execute();
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+static const matador::utils::enum_mapper<Color> color_enum({
+                                                           {Color::Green,  "green"},
+                                                           {Color::Red,    "red"},
+                                                           {Color::Blue,   "blue"},
+                                                           {Color::Yellow, "yellow"},
+                                                           {Color::Black,  "black"},
+                                                           {Color::White,  "white"},
+                                                           {Color::Brown,  "brown"}
+                                                           });
+
+template<>
+struct matador::sql::data_type_traits<Color, void>
+{
+    inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t size)
+    { return data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(size); }
+
+    static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, Color &value)
+    {
+        std::string enum_string;
+        reader.read_value(id, index, enum_string, 64);
+        if (const auto enum_opt = color_enum.to_enum(enum_string)) {
+            value = enum_opt.value();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static any_type create_value(const Color &value)
+    {
+        return color_enum.to_string(value);
+    }
+
+    static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, Color &value)
+    {
+        binder.bind(index, color_enum.to_string(value));
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_CASE_METHOD(TypeTraitsTestFixture, "Special handling of attributes with type traits", "[typetraits]")
+{
+  schema.attach<location>("location");
+  SECTION("Insert and select with direct execution") {
+    location loc{1, "center", {1, 2, 3}, Color::Black};
+
+    auto res = db
+      .query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("location", column_generator::generate<location>(schema, true))
+      .values(loc)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+    auto result = db
+      .query(schema)
+      .select(column_generator::generate<location>(schema, true))
+      .from("location")
+      .fetch_all<location>();
+
+    for (const auto &l: result) {
+      REQUIRE(l.name == "center");
+    }
+  }
+
+  SECTION("Insert and select with prepared statement") {
+    location loc{1, "center", {1, 2, 3}, Color::Black};
+
+    auto stmt = db
+      .query(schema)
+      .insert()
+      .into("location", column_generator::generate<location>(schema, true))
+      .values<location>()
+      .prepare();
+
+    auto res = stmt
+      .bind(loc)
+      .execute();
+    REQUIRE(res == 1);
+
+    auto result = db
+      .query(schema)
+      .select(column_generator::generate<location>(schema, true))
+      .from("location")
+      .fetch_all<location>();
+
+    for (const auto &l: result) {
+      REQUIRE(l.name == "center");
+    }
+  }
+}

demo/author.json

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+{
+  "name": "book",
+  "fields": {
+    "id": {
+      "type": "unsigned long",
+      "constraint": "primary_key"
+    },
+    "first_name": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "size": 63
+    },
+    "last_name": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "size": 63
+    },
+    "date_of_birth": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "size": 31
+    },
+    "year_of_birth": {
+      "type": "unsigned short"
+    },
+    "distinguished": {
+      "type": "boolean"
+    }
+  }
+}

demo/book.json

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+  "name": "book",
+  "fields": {
+    "id": {
+      "type": "unsigned long",
+      "constraint": "primary_key"
+    },
+    "title": {
+      "type": "string",
+      "size": 511
+    },
+    "book_author": {
+      "type": "author",
+      "constraint": {
+        "type": "foreign_key",
+        "references": "id"
+      }
+    },
+    "published_in": {
+      "type": "unsigned_short"
+    }
+  }
+}

demo/main.cpp

@@ -1,17 +1,295 @@
-#include <cstdlib>
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/schema.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/connection.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/entity.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/access.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/enum_mapper.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_helper.hpp"
+
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 
+struct author {
+    unsigned long id{};
+    std::string first_name;
+    std::string last_name;
+    std::string date_of_birth;
+    unsigned short year_of_birth{};
+    bool distinguished{false};
+
+    template<typename Operator>
+    void process( Operator& op ) {
+        namespace field = matador::utils::access;
+        field::primary_key( op, "id", id );
+        field::attribute( op, "first_name", first_name, 63 );
+        field::attribute( op, "last_name", last_name, 63 );
+        field::attribute( op, "date_of_birth", date_of_birth, 31 );
+        field::attribute( op, "year_of_birth", year_of_birth );
+        field::attribute( op, "distinguished", distinguished );
+    }
+};
+
+struct book {
+    unsigned long id{};
+    matador::sql::entity<author> book_author;
+    std::string title;
+    unsigned short published_in{};
+
+    template<typename Operator>
+    void process( Operator& op ) {
+        namespace field = matador::utils::access;
+        field::primary_key( op, "id", id );
+        field::attribute( op, "title", title, 511 );
+        field::has_one( op, "author_id", book_author, matador::utils::default_foreign_attributes );
+        field::attribute( op, "published_in", published_in );
+    }
+};
+
+struct payload {
+    unsigned long id{};
+
+    template<typename Operator>
+    void process( Operator& op ) {
+        namespace field = matador::utils::access;
+        field::primary_key( op, "id", id );
+    }
+};
+
+struct job {
+    enum class job_state {
+        Pending,
+        Running,
+        Succeeded,
+        Failed,
+        Canceled
+    };
+
+    enum class job_mode {
+        Foreground,
+        Background
+    };
+
+    unsigned long id{};
+    matador::sql::entity<payload> payload;
+    std::string type;
+    std::string description;
+    job_state state;
+    job_mode mode;
+
+    template<typename Operator>
+    void process( Operator& op ) {
+        namespace field = matador::utils::access;
+        field::primary_key( op, "id", id );
+        field::belongs_to( op, "payload", payload, matador::utils::default_foreign_attributes );
+        field::attribute( op, "type", type, 511 );
+        field::attribute( op, "description", description, 511 );
+        field::attribute( op, "state", state );
+        field::attribute( op, "mode", mode );
+    }
+};
+
+static const matador::utils::enum_mapper<job::job_state> job_state_enum({
+                                                           {job::job_state::Pending,  "Pending"},
+                                                           {job::job_state::Running,  "Running"},
+                                                           {job::job_state::Succeeded,  "Succeeded"},
+                                                           {job::job_state::Failed,  "Failed"},
+                                                           {job::job_state::Canceled,  "Canceled"}
+                                                           });
+
+static const matador::utils::enum_mapper<job::job_mode> job_mode_enum({
+                                                           {job::job_mode::Foreground,  "Foreground"},
+                                                           {job::job_mode::Background,  "Background"}
+                                                           });
+
+template<>
+struct matador::sql::data_type_traits<job::job_state, void>
+{
+    inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t size)
+    { return data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(size); }
+
+    static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, job::job_state &value)
+    {
+        std::string enum_string;
+        reader.read_value(id, index, enum_string, 64);
+        if (const auto enum_opt = job_state_enum.to_enum(enum_string)) {
+            value = enum_opt.value();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static any_type create_value(const job::job_state &value)
+    {
+        return job_state_enum.to_string(value);
+    }
+
+    static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, job::job_state &value)
+    {
+        binder.bind(index, job_state_enum.to_string(value));
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct matador::sql::data_type_traits<job::job_mode, void>
+{
+    inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t size)
+    { return data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(size); }
+
+    static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, job::job_mode &value)
+    {
+        std::string enum_string;
+        reader.read_value(id, index, enum_string, 64);
+        if (const auto enum_opt = job_mode_enum.to_enum(enum_string)) {
+            value = enum_opt.value();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static any_type create_value(const job::job_mode &value)
+    {
+        return job_mode_enum.to_string(value);
+    }
+
+    static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, job::job_mode &value)
+    {
+        binder.bind(index, job_mode_enum.to_string(value));
+    }
+};
+
+QUERY_HELPER( authors, id, first_name, last_name, date_of_birth, year_of_birth, distinguished )
+
+QUERY_HELPER( books, id, author_id, title, published_in )
+
+QUERY_HELPER( job, id, payload, type, description, state, mode )
+
+QUERY_HELPER( payload, id )
+
+QUERY_HELPER( temporary_table, id );
+
 int main() {
+    using namespace matador::sql;
+    using namespace matador;
+
     const std::string env_var{"MATADOR_BACKENDS_PATH"};
 
-//  char var[1024];
+    std::string dns{"sqlite://demo.db"};
-//  size_t len{};
+    schema s( "main" );
-//  const auto error = getenv_s(&len, var, 1024, env_var.c_str());
+    s.attach<author>( "authors" );
-//  if (error > 0) {
+    s.attach<book>( "books" );
-//    std::cout << "error: unknown env var " << env_var << "\n";
+
-//  } else {
+    connection c( dns );
-//    std::cout << "env var: " << var << "\n";
+    c.open();
-//  }
+    s.create( c );
+
+    auto create_authors_sql = c.query( s )
+                               .create()
+                               .table<author>( qh::authors )
+                               .execute();
+
+    c.query( s )
+     .create()
+     .table<book>( qh::books )
+     .execute();
+
+    std::cout << "SQL: " << create_authors_sql << "\n";
+
+    author mc;
+    mc.id = 1;
+    mc.first_name = "Michael";
+    mc.last_name = "Crichton";
+    mc.date_of_birth = "19.8.1954";
+    mc.year_of_birth = 1954;
+    mc.distinguished = true;
+    auto insert_authors_sql = c.query( s )
+                               .insert()
+                               .into( qh::authors )
+                               .values( mc )
+                               .execute();
+
+    std::cout << "SQL: " << insert_authors_sql << "\n";
+
+    auto result = c.query( s )
+                   .select( qh::authors.columns )
+                   .from( qh::authors )
+                   .fetch_all();
+
+    for (const auto& row: result) { std::cout << "Author " << row.at( qh::authors.first_name ) << "\n"; }
+
+    auto update_authors_sql = c.query( s )
+                               .update( qh::authors )
+                               .set( {{qh::authors.first_name, "Stephen"},
+                                      {qh::authors.last_name, "King"}} )
+                               .where( qh::authors.last_name == "Crichton" )
+                               .execute();
+
+    std::cout << "SQL: " << update_authors_sql << "\n";
+
+    auto authors = c.query( s )
+                    .select( qh::authors.columns )
+                    .from( qh::authors )
+                    .fetch_all<author>();
+
+    for (const auto& a: authors) { std::cout << "Author " << a.first_name << "\n"; }
+
+    c.query( s )
+     .insert()
+     .into( qh::books )
+     .values( {2, "It", mc.id, 1980} )
+     .execute();
+
+    c.query( s )
+     .insert()
+     .into( qh::books )
+     .values( {3, "Misery", mc.id, 1984} )
+     .execute();
+
+    auto select_books_sql = c.query( s )
+                             .select( qh::books.columns, {qh::authors.last_name} )
+                             .from( qh::books )
+                             .join_left( qh::authors )
+                             .on( qh::books.author_id == qh::authors.id )
+                             .where( qh::books.published_in < 2008 && qh::authors.last_name == "King" )
+                             .group_by( qh::books.published_in )
+                             .order_by( qh::books.title ).asc()
+                             .limit( 5 )
+                             .offset( 2 )
+                             .fetch_all();
+
+    for (const auto& r: select_books_sql) { std::cout << "R: " << r.at( qh::books.title ) << ", " << r.at( qh::authors.last_name ) << "\n"; }
+    // SELECT book.title, book.id, book.author_id, book.published_in, author.name
+    // FROM book
+    // INNER JOIN author ON book.author_id = author.id
+    // WHERE book.published_in < 2008 AND author.name = "Michael Crichton"
+    // ORDER BY "book.title" ASC
+    // OFFSET 2 LIMIT 5
+
+    c.query( s ).drop().table( qh::books ).execute();
+
+    auto drop_authors_sql = c.query( s )
+                             .drop()
+                             .table( qh::authors )
+                             .execute();
+
+    std::cout << "SQL: " << drop_authors_sql << "\n";
+
+    auto res = c.query( s )
+                .select( {qh::payload.id} )
+                .from( qh::payload )
+                .join_left( qh::job )
+                .on( qh::job.payload == qh::payload.id )
+                .where(
+                        in( qh::payload.id, c.query( s )
+                                             .select( {qh::job.state} )
+                                             .from( qh::job )
+                                             .where( qh::job.state == job::job_state::Running )
+                                ) &&
+                        in( qh::payload.id, c.query( s )
+                                             .select( {qh::temporary_table.id} )
+                                             .from( qh::temporary_table ) )
+                        )
+                .build();
+    // .fetch_value<unsigned long>();
+    std::cout << "SQL: " << res.sql << "\n";
+
     return 0;
 }

include/matador/sql/any_type.hpp

@@ -1,11 +1,26 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_ANY_TYPE_HPP
 #define QUERY_ANY_TYPE_HPP
 
+#include "matador/sql/placeholder.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/types.hpp"
+
 #include <string>
 #include <variant>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
+using any_db_type = std::variant<
+  long long,
+  unsigned long long,
+  double,
+  bool,
+  const char*,
+  std::string,
+  utils::blob,
+  placeholder,
+  nullptr_t>;
+
 using any_type = std::variant<
   char, short, int, long, long long,
   unsigned char, unsigned short, unsigned int, unsigned long, unsigned long long,
@@ -13,6 +28,8 @@ using any_type = std::variant<
   bool,
   const char*,
   std::string,
+  utils::blob,
+  placeholder,
   nullptr_t>;
 
 }

include/matador/sql/any_type_to_string_visitor.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_ANY_TYPE_TO_STRING_VISITOR_HPP
+#define QUERY_ANY_TYPE_TO_STRING_VISITOR_HPP
+
+#include "matador/utils/types.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/placeholder.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class dialect;
+class query_context;
+
+struct any_type_to_string_visitor
+{
+  explicit any_type_to_string_visitor(const dialect &d, query_context &query);
+
+  void operator()(char &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(short &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(int &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(long &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(long long &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(unsigned char &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(unsigned short &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(unsigned int &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(unsigned long &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(unsigned long long &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(bool &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(float &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(double &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(const char *x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(std::string &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(utils::blob &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(placeholder &x) { to_string(x); }
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void to_string(Type &val)
+  {
+    result = std::to_string(val);
+  }
+  void to_string(const char *val);
+  void to_string(std::string &val);
+  void to_string(utils::blob &val);
+  void to_string(placeholder &val);
+
+  const dialect &d;
+  query_context &query;
+  std::string result;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_ANY_TYPE_TO_STRING_VISITOR_HPP

include/matador/sql/any_type_to_visitor.hpp

@@ -1,108 +1,13 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_ANY_TYPE_TO_VISITOR_HPP
 #define QUERY_ANY_TYPE_TO_VISITOR_HPP
 
-#include <array>
+#include "matador/sql/convert.hpp"
-#include <charconv>
+
-#include <cstring>
-#include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-template < typename DestType, typename SourceType >
+struct placeholder;
-void convert(DestType &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<DestType, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = source;
-}
-
-template < typename DestType, typename SourceType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_arithmetic<SourceType>::value && !std::is_same<DestType, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = static_cast<DestType>(source);
-}
-
-template < typename DestType, typename SourceType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value && std::is_arithmetic<SourceType>::value && !std::is_same<DestType, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = static_cast<DestType>(source);
-}
-
-void convert(std::string &dest, bool source);
-
-template < typename SourceType >
-void convert(std::string &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<SourceType>::value && !std::is_same<bool, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  std::array<char, 128> buffer{};
-  auto [ptr, ec] = std::to_chars(buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size(), source, 10);
-  if (ec == std::errc{}) {
-    dest.assign(buffer.data(), ptr);
-  } else {
-    throw std::logic_error("couldn't convert value to std::string");
-  }
-}
-
-template < typename SourceType >
-void convert(std::string &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  std::array<char, 128> buffer{};
-  auto [ptr, ec] = std::to_chars(buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size(), source);
-  if (ec == std::errc{}) {
-    dest.assign(buffer.data(), ptr);
-  } else {
-    throw std::logic_error("couldn't convert value to std::string");
-  }
-}
-
-void convert(std::string &dest, const char* source);
-
-unsigned long long to_unsigned_long_long(const char *source);
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, const std::string &source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_unsigned<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = to_unsigned_long_long(source.c_str());
-}
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, const char *source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_unsigned<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = to_unsigned_long_long(source);
-}
-
-long long to_long_long(const char *source);
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, const std::string &source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_signed<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = to_long_long(source.c_str());
-}
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, const char *source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_signed<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = to_long_long(source);
-}
-
-long double to_double(const char *source);
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, const std::string &source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = to_double(source.c_str());
-}
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, const char *source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = to_double(source);
-}
-
-template < typename DestType >
-void convert(DestType &dest, bool source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
-{
-  dest = static_cast<DestType>(source);
-}
 
 template < typename Type >
 struct any_type_to_visitor
@@ -122,6 +27,8 @@ struct any_type_to_visitor
   void operator()(double &x) { convert(result, x); }
   void operator()(const char *x) { convert(result, x); }
   void operator()(std::string &x) { convert(result, x); }
+  void operator()(utils::blob &x) { convert(result, x); }
+  void operator()(placeholder &/*x*/) {}
 
   Type result{};
 };

include/matador/sql/backend_provider.hpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
@@ -26,28 +27,50 @@ public:
   const dialect& connection_dialect(const std::string &connection_type);
 
 private:
-  struct backend_context {
+  struct basic_backend_context {
-    backend_context(const std::string &connection_type,
+    virtual ~basic_backend_context() = default;
-                    const std::string &backends_path);
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual connection_impl* create(const connection_info&) = 0;
+    virtual void destroy(connection_impl*) = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual const sql::dialect* dialect() const = 0;
+  };
+
+  class backend_context final : public basic_backend_context {
+  public:
+    explicit backend_context(const std::string &connection_type);
     backend_context(const backend_context&) = delete;
     backend_context& operator=(const backend_context&) = delete;
     backend_context(backend_context&&) noexcept = default;
     backend_context& operator=(backend_context&&) noexcept = default;
-    ~backend_context();
+    ~backend_context() override;
 
+    [[nodiscard]] connection_impl* create(const connection_info&) override;
+    void destroy(connection_impl *conn) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] const class dialect* dialect() const override;
+
+  private:
     typedef connection_impl*(*create_func)(const connection_info&);
     typedef void (*destroy_func)(connection_impl*);
-    typedef const dialect*(*dialect_func)();
+    typedef const class dialect*(*dialect_func)();
 
     create_func create_connection{};
     destroy_func destroy_connection{};
     dialect_func get_dialect{};
     utils::library lib;
   };
+
+  class noop_backend_context final : public basic_backend_context {
+  public:
+    connection_impl *create(const connection_info &info) override;
+    void destroy(connection_impl *impl) override;
+    [[nodiscard]] const sql::dialect *dialect() const override;
+
   private:
-  using backends_t = std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<backend_context>>;
+    std::unordered_set<std::unique_ptr<connection_impl>> noop_connections_;
+  };
+
+private:
+  using backends_t = std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<basic_backend_context>>;
   backends_t backends_;
-  std::string backends_path_;
 };
 }
 #endif //QUERY_BACKEND_PROVIDER_HPP

include/matador/sql/basic_condition.hpp

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 namespace matador::sql {
 
 class dialect;
+class query_context;
 
 class basic_condition
 {
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ public:
     LIKE
   };
 
-  virtual std::string evaluate(dialect &dialect) const = 0;
+  virtual std::string evaluate(const dialect &dialect, query_context &query) const = 0;
 
   static std::unordered_map<operand_t, std::string> operands;
 };

include/matador/sql/column.hpp

@@ -1,168 +1,43 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_COLUMN_HPP
 #define QUERY_COLUMN_HPP
 
-#include "matador/sql/any_type.hpp"
+#include <string>
-#include "matador/sql/any_type_to_visitor.hpp"
-#include "matador/sql/types.hpp"
-
-#include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
-
-#include <optional>
-#include <vector>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-class column {
+struct table;
-public:
-  column(sql_function_t func, std::string name);
-  column(const char *name, std::string alias = ""); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
-  column(std::string name, std::string alias = ""); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
 
-  column(const column&) = default;
+enum class sql_function_t {
-  column& operator=(const column&) = default;
+  NONE,
-  column(column&&) noexcept = default;
+  COUNT,
-  column& operator=(column&&) noexcept = default;
+  AVG,
-
+  SUM,
-  template<typename Type>
+  MIN,
-  explicit column(std::string name, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes)
+  MAX
-  : column(std::move(name), data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), attr)
+};
-  {}
+
-
+struct column
-  template<typename Type>
-  column(std::string name, const Type &, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes)
-  : column(std::move(name), data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), attr)
-  {}
-
-  column(std::string name, data_type_t type, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes);
-  template<typename Type>
-
-  column(std::string name, std::string ref_table, std::string ref_column, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes)
-  : column(std::move(name), data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), ref_table, ref_column, attr)
-  {}
-
-  column(std::string name, data_type_t type, size_t index, std::string ref_table, std::string ref_column, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes);
-
-  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& name() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] size_t index() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] const utils::field_attributes& attributes() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] data_type_t type() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& alias() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& ref_table() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& ref_column() const;
-
-  void type(data_type_t type);
-  void alias(const std::string &as);
-
-  template< typename Type >
-  [[nodiscard]] bool is_type_of() const {
-    return std::holds_alternative<Type>(value_);
-  }
-
-  [[nodiscard]] std::string str() const;
-
-  template<typename Type>
-  void set(const Type &value, const utils::field_attributes &attr = utils::null_attributes)
 {
-    type_ = data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size());
+  column(const char *name); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
-    attributes_ = attr;
+  column(std::string name); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
-    value_ = value;
+  column(sql_function_t func, std::string name); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
-  }
+  column(std::string table_name, std::string name, std::string as = "");
+  column(std::string table_name, const char* name, std::string as = "");
+  column(struct table &t, const char* name, std::string as = "");
 
-  void set(const std::string &value, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
+  [[nodiscard]] bool equals(const column &x) const;
-  {
-    type_ = data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(attr.size());
-    attributes_ = attr;
-    value_ = value;
-  }
 
-  void set(const char *value, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
+  column& as(std::string a);
-  {
-    type_ = data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(attr.size());
-    attributes_ = attr;
-    value_ = value;
-  }
 
-  template<class Type>
-  Type as() const
-  {
-    const Type* ptr= std::get_if<Type>(&value_);
-    if (ptr) {
-      return *ptr;
-    }
-    any_type_to_visitor<Type> visitor;
-    std::visit(visitor, const_cast<any_type&>(value_));
-    return visitor.result;
-  }
-
   [[nodiscard]] bool is_function() const;
-  [[nodiscard]] sql_function_t function() const;
-
-private:
-  template<class Operator>
-  void process(Operator &op)
-  {
-    op.on_attribute(name_.c_str(), value_, type_, attributes_);
-  }
-
-  using data_type_index = std::vector<data_type_t>;
-
-private:
-  friend class record;
-
-  static const data_type_index data_type_index_;
 
-  std::string name_;
+  std::string table;
-  size_t index_{};
+  std::string name;
-  utils::field_attributes attributes_;
+  std::string alias;
-  data_type_t type_{data_type_t::type_unknown};
-  any_type value_;
   sql_function_t function_{sql_function_t::NONE};
-  std::string alias_;
-  std::string ref_table_;
-  std::string ref_column_;
 };
 
-/**
- * User defined literal to have a shortcut creating a column object
- * @param name Name of the column
- * @param len Length of the column name
- * @return A column object with given name
- */
 column operator "" _col(const char *name, size_t len);
 
-column make_column(const std::string &name, data_type_t type, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes);
-
-template < typename Type >
-column make_column(const std::string &name, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes)
-{
-    return make_column(name, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(0), attr);
-}
-template <>
-column make_column<std::string>(const std::string &name, utils::field_attributes attr);
-
-template < typename Type >
-column make_pk_column(const std::string &name, size_t size = 0)
-{
-    return make_column<Type>(name, { size, utils::constraints::PRIMARY_KEY | utils::constraints::NOT_NULL});
-}
-
-template <>
-column make_pk_column<std::string>(const std::string &name, size_t size);
-
-template < typename Type >
-column make_fk_column(const std::string &name, size_t size, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column)
-{
-    return {name, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(size), ref_table, ref_column, { size, utils::constraints::FOREIGN_KEY }};
-}
-
-template < typename Type >
-[[maybe_unused]] column make_fk_column(const std::string &name, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column)
-{
-    return {name, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(0), 0, ref_table, ref_column, { 0, utils::constraints::FOREIGN_KEY }};
-}
-
-template <>
-column make_fk_column<std::string>(const std::string &name, size_t size, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column);
-
 }
 #endif //QUERY_COLUMN_HPP

include/matador/sql/column_definition.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_COLUMN_DEFINITION_HPP
+#define QUERY_COLUMN_DEFINITION_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/any_type.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/any_type_to_visitor.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/data_type_traits.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+enum class null_option : uint8_t {
+  NULLABLE, NOT_NULL
+};
+
+class column_definition {
+public:
+  explicit column_definition(const char *name); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
+  explicit column_definition(std::string name); // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
+
+  column_definition(const column_definition&) = default;
+  column_definition& operator=(const column_definition&) = default;
+  column_definition(column_definition&&) noexcept = default;
+  column_definition& operator=(column_definition&&) noexcept = default;
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  explicit column_definition(std::string name, utils::field_attributes attr)
+  : column_definition(std::move(name), data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), attr)
+  {}
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  column_definition(std::string name, const Type &, utils::field_attributes attr, null_option null_opt)
+  : column_definition(std::move(name), data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), attr, null_opt)
+  {}
+
+  column_definition(std::string name, data_type_t type, utils::field_attributes attr, null_option null_opt, size_t index = 0);
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  column_definition(std::string name, std::string ref_table, std::string ref_column, utils::field_attributes attr, null_option null_opt)
+  : column_definition(std::move(name), data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), ref_table, ref_column, attr, null_opt)
+  {}
+
+  column_definition(std::string name, data_type_t type, size_t index, std::string ref_table, std::string ref_column, utils::field_attributes attr, null_option null_opt);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& name() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] int index() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const utils::field_attributes& attributes() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_nullable() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] data_type_t type() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& ref_table() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& ref_column() const;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_integer() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_floating_point() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_bool() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_string() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_varchar() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_blob() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_null() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_unknown() const;
+
+  void type(data_type_t type);
+
+  template< typename Type >
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_type_of() const {
+    return std::holds_alternative<Type>(value_);
+  }
+
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string str() const;
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void set(const Type &value, const utils::field_attributes &attr = utils::null_attributes)
+  {
+    type_ = data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size());
+    attributes_ = attr;
+    value_ = value;
+  }
+
+  void set(const std::string &value, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    type_ = data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(attr.size());
+    attributes_ = attr;
+    value_ = value;
+  }
+
+  void set(const char *value, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    type_ = data_type_traits<std::string>::builtin_type(attr.size());
+    attributes_ = attr;
+    value_ = value;
+  }
+
+  template<class Type>
+  Type as() const
+  {
+    const Type* ptr= std::get_if<Type>(&value_);
+    if (ptr) {
+      return *ptr;
+    }
+    any_type_to_visitor<Type> visitor;
+    std::visit(visitor, const_cast<any_type&>(value_));
+    return visitor.result;
+  }
+
+  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &out, const column_definition &col);
+
+private:
+  template<class Operator>
+  void process(Operator &op)
+  {
+    op.on_attribute(name_.c_str(), value_, type_, attributes_);
+  }
+
+  using data_type_index = std::vector<data_type_t>;
+
+private:
+  static const data_type_index data_type_index_;
+
+  std::string name_;
+  int index_{-1};
+  utils::field_attributes attributes_;
+  null_option null_option_{null_option::NOT_NULL};
+  data_type_t type_{data_type_t::type_unknown};
+  any_type value_;
+  std::string ref_table_;
+  std::string ref_column_;
+};
+
+/**
+ * User defined literal to have a shortcut creating a column object
+ * @param name Name of the column
+ * @param len Length of the column name
+ * @return A column object with given name
+ */
+column_definition make_column(const std::string &name, data_type_t type, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes, null_option null_opt = null_option::NOT_NULL);
+
+template < typename Type >
+column_definition make_column(const std::string &name, utils::field_attributes attr = utils::null_attributes, null_option null_opt = null_option::NOT_NULL)
+{
+    return make_column(name, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(0), attr, null_opt);
+}
+template <>
+column_definition make_column<std::string>(const std::string &name, utils::field_attributes attr, null_option null_opt);
+
+template < typename Type >
+column_definition make_pk_column(const std::string &name, size_t size = 0)
+{
+    return make_column<Type>(name, { size, utils::constraints::PRIMARY_KEY });
+}
+
+template <>
+column_definition make_pk_column<std::string>(const std::string &name, size_t size);
+
+template < typename Type >
+column_definition make_fk_column(const std::string &name, size_t size, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column)
+{
+    return {name, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(size), ref_table, ref_column, { size, utils::constraints::FOREIGN_KEY }};
+}
+
+template < typename Type >
+[[maybe_unused]] column_definition make_fk_column(const std::string &name, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column)
+{
+    return {name, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(0), 0, ref_table, ref_column, { 0, utils::constraints::FOREIGN_KEY }, null_option::NOT_NULL};
+}
+
+template <>
+column_definition make_fk_column<std::string>(const std::string &name, size_t size, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column);
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_COLUMN_DEFINITION_HPP

include/matador/sql/column_definition_generator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_COLUMN_DEFINITION_GENERATOR_HPP
+#define QUERY_COLUMN_DEFINITION_GENERATOR_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/data_type_traits.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/access.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/foreign_attributes.hpp"
+
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class schema;
+
+class fk_column_generator
+{
+public:
+  fk_column_generator() = default;
+
+  template<class Type>
+  column_definition generate(const char *id, Type &x, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column)
+  {
+    utils::access::process(*this, x);
+    return column_definition{id, type_, 0, ref_table, ref_column, {utils::constraints::FOREIGN_KEY }, null_option::NOT_NULL};
+  }
+
+  template<typename ValueType>
+  void on_primary_key(const char *, ValueType &/*pk*/, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<ValueType>::value && !std::is_same<bool, ValueType>::value>::type* = 0)
+  {
+    type_ = data_type_traits<ValueType>::builtin_type(0);
+  }
+  void on_primary_key(const char * /*id*/, std::string &/*pk*/, size_t size);
+  void on_revision(const char * /*id*/, unsigned long long &/*rev*/) {}
+  template < class Type >
+  void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, Type &/*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
+  void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, char * /*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_belongs_to(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_has_one(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(ContainerType &, const char *, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const char *join_column, const char *inverse_join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+
+private:
+  data_type_t type_{};
+};
+
+class column_definition_generator
+{
+private:
+  column_definition_generator(std::vector<column_definition> &columns, const schema &repo);
+
+public:
+  ~column_definition_generator() = default;
+
+  template < class Type >
+  static std::vector<column_definition> generate(const schema &repo)
+  {
+    std::vector<column_definition> columns;
+    column_definition_generator gen(columns, repo);
+    Type obj;
+    matador::utils::access::process(gen, obj);
+    return std::move(columns);
+  }
+
+  template < class V >
+  void on_primary_key(const char *, V &x, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0);
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &pk, size_t size);
+  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &rev);
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &x, const utils::field_attributes &attr = utils::null_attributes);
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void on_attribute(const char *id, std::optional<Type> &x, const utils::field_attributes &attr = utils::null_attributes);
+
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer &x, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/)
+  {
+    const auto [ref_table, ref_column] = determine_foreign_ref(std::type_index(typeid(typename Pointer::value_type)));
+    columns_.push_back(fk_column_generator_.generate(id, *x, ref_table, ref_column));
+  }
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer &x, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/)
+  {
+    const auto [ref_table, ref_column] = determine_foreign_ref(std::type_index(typeid(typename Pointer::value_type)));
+    columns_.push_back(fk_column_generator_.generate(id, *x, ref_table, ref_column));
+  }
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(ContainerType &, const char *, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const char *join_column, const char *inverse_join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+
+private:
+  std::pair<std::string, std::string> determine_foreign_ref(const std::type_index &ti);
+
+private:
+  size_t index_ = 0;
+  std::vector<column_definition> &columns_;
+  const schema &repo_;
+
+  fk_column_generator fk_column_generator_;
+};
+
+template<typename V>
+void column_definition_generator::on_primary_key(const char *id, V &x, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type*)
+{
+  on_attribute(id, x, { utils::constraints::PRIMARY_KEY });
+}
+
+template<typename Type>
+void column_definition_generator::on_attribute(const char *id, Type &x, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
+{
+  columns_.emplace_back(id, x, attr, null_option::NOT_NULL);
+}
+
+template<typename Type>
+void column_definition_generator::on_attribute(const char *id, std::optional<Type> &x, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
+{
+  columns_.emplace_back(id, data_type_traits<Type>::builtin_type(attr.size()), attr, null_option::NULLABLE);
+}
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_COLUMN_DEFINITION_GENERATOR_HPP

include/matador/sql/column_generator.hpp

@@ -1,119 +1,128 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_COLUMN_GENERATOR_HPP
 #define QUERY_COLUMN_GENERATOR_HPP
 
-#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
-#include "matador/sql/types.hpp"
-
 #include "matador/utils/access.hpp"
 #include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/foreign_attributes.hpp"
 
-#include <typeindex>
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/schema.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
 #include <vector>
+#include <stack>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-class table_repository;
-
-class fk_column_generator
-{
-public:
-  fk_column_generator() = default;
-
-  template<class Type>
-  column generate(const char *id, Type &x, const std::string &ref_table, const std::string &ref_column)
-  {
-    utils::access::process(*this, x);
-    return column{id, type_, 0, ref_table, ref_column, { utils::constraints::FOREIGN_KEY }};
-  }
-
-  template<typename ValueType>
-  void on_primary_key(const char *, ValueType &/*pk*/, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<ValueType>::value && !std::is_same<bool, ValueType>::value>::type* = 0)
-  {
-    type_ = data_type_traits<ValueType>::builtin_type(0);
-  }
-  void on_primary_key(const char * /*id*/, std::string &/*pk*/, size_t size);
-  void on_revision(const char * /*id*/, unsigned long long &/*rev*/) {}
-  template < class Type >
-  void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, Type &/*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
-  void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, char * /*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
-  template<class Pointer>
-  void on_belongs_to(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, utils::cascade_type) {}
-  template<class Pointer>
-  void on_has_one(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, utils::cascade_type) {}
-  template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
-  template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
-
-private:
-  data_type_t type_{};
-};
-
 class column_generator
 {
 private:
-  column_generator(std::vector<column> &columns, const table_repository &repo);
+  column_generator(std::vector<column> &column_infos,
+                   const sql::schema &ts,
+                   const std::string &table_name,
+                   bool force_lazy);
 
 public:
   ~column_generator() = default;
 
   template < class Type >
-  static std::vector<column> generate(const table_repository &repo)
+  static std::vector<column> generate(const sql::schema &ts, bool force_lazy = false)
   {
+    const auto info = ts.info<Type>();
+    if (!info) {
+      return {};
+    }
     std::vector<column> columns;
-    column_generator gen(columns, repo);
+    column_generator gen(columns, ts, info.value().name, force_lazy);
     Type obj;
     matador::utils::access::process(gen, obj);
     return std::move(columns);
   }
 
   template < class V >
-  void on_primary_key(const char *, V &x, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0);
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, V &, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0)
-  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &pk, size_t size);
+  {
-  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &rev);
+    push(id);
+  }
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &, size_t);
+  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &/*rev*/);
 
   template<typename Type>
-  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &x, const utils::field_attributes &attr = utils::null_attributes);
+  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes)
+  {
+    push(id);
+  }
 
   template<class Pointer>
-  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer &, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
   {
-    const auto [ref_table, ref_column] = determine_foreign_ref(std::type_index(typeid(typename Pointer::value_type)));
+    if (attr.fetch() == utils::fetch_type::LAZY || force_lazy_) {
-    columns_.push_back(fk_column_generator_.generate(id, *x, ref_table, ref_column));
+      push(id);
+    } else {
+      const auto info = table_schema_.info<typename Pointer::value_type>();
+      if (!info) {
+        return;
+      }
+      table_name_stack_.push(info.value().name);
+      typename Pointer::value_type obj;
+      matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+      table_name_stack_.pop();
+    }
   }
   template<class Pointer>
-  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer &, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
   {
-    const auto [ref_table, ref_column] = determine_foreign_ref(std::type_index(typeid(typename Pointer::value_type)));
+    if (attr.fetch() == utils::fetch_type::LAZY || force_lazy_) {
-    columns_.push_back(fk_column_generator_.generate(id, *x, ref_table, ref_column));
+      push(id);
+    } else {
+      const auto info = table_schema_.info<typename Pointer::value_type>();
+      if (!info) {
+        return;
+      }
+      table_name_stack_.push(info.value().name);
+      typename Pointer::value_type obj;
+      matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+      table_name_stack_.pop();
+    }
   }
   template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_many(ContainerType &, const char *, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    if (attr.fetch() == utils::fetch_type::LAZY || force_lazy_) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const auto info = table_schema_.info<typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type>();
+    if (!info) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    table_name_stack_.push(info.value().name);
+    typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type obj;
+    matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+    table_name_stack_.pop();
+  }
+
   template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const char *join_column, const char *inverse_join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+  }
+
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+  }
 
 private:
-  std::pair<std::string, std::string> determine_foreign_ref(const std::type_index &ti);
+  void push(const std::string &column_name);
 
 private:
-  size_t index_ = 0;
+  std::stack<std::string> table_name_stack_;
-  std::vector<column> &columns_;
+  std::vector<column> &column_infos_;
-  const table_repository &repo_;
+  const sql::schema &table_schema_;
-
+  int column_index{0};
-  fk_column_generator fk_column_generator_;
+  bool force_lazy_{false};
 };
 
-template<typename V>
-void column_generator::on_primary_key(const char *id, V &x, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type*)
-{
-  on_attribute(id, x, { utils::constraints::PRIMARY_KEY });
 }
 
-template<typename Type>
-void column_generator::on_attribute(const char *id, Type &x, const utils::field_attributes &attr)
-{
-  columns_.emplace_back(id, x, attr);
-}
-
-}
 #endif //QUERY_COLUMN_GENERATOR_HPP

include/matador/sql/column_name_generator.hpp

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef QUERY_COLUMN_NAME_GENERATOR_HPP
-#define QUERY_COLUMN_NAME_GENERATOR_HPP
-
-#include "matador/utils/access.hpp"
-#include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
-
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace matador::sql {
-
-class column_name_generator
-{
-private:
-  explicit column_name_generator(std::vector<std::string> &column_names);
-
-public:
-  ~column_name_generator() = default;
-
-  template < class Type >
-  static std::vector<std::string> generate()
-  {
-    std::vector<std::string> columns;
-    column_name_generator gen(columns);
-    Type obj;
-    matador::utils::access::process(gen, obj);
-    return std::move(columns);
-  }
-
-  template < class V >
-  void on_primary_key(const char *id, V &, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0)
-  {
-    column_names_.emplace_back(id);
-  }
-  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &, size_t);
-  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &/*rev*/);
-
-  template<typename Type>
-  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes)
-  {
-    column_names_.emplace_back(id);
-  }
-
-  template<class Pointer>
-  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer &, utils::cascade_type)
-  {
-    column_names_.emplace_back(id);
-  }
-  template<class Pointer>
-  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer &, utils::cascade_type)
-  {
-    column_names_.emplace_back(id);
-  }
-  template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
-  template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
-
-private:
-  std::vector<std::string> &column_names_;
-};
-
-}
-
-#endif //QUERY_COLUMN_NAME_GENERATOR_HPP

include/matador/sql/condition.hpp

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_CONDITION_HPP
 #define QUERY_CONDITION_HPP
 
+#include "matador/sql/any_type_to_string_visitor.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_result.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/basic_condition.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/dialect.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/placeholder.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_context.hpp"
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <utility>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-struct placeholder {};
-
-const placeholder _;
-
 /**
  * @class condition
  * @brief Represents a sql query condition
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ const placeholder _;
 
 /// @cond MATADOR_DEV
 
-class query;
+class query_select;
 
 template<class L, class R, class Enabled = void>
 class condition;
@@ -40,12 +41,13 @@ public:
 
     placeholder value;
 
-    std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override;
+    std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override;
 };
 
 template<class T>
 class condition<column, T, typename std::enable_if<
   std::is_scalar<T>::value &&
+  !std::is_enum<T>::value &&
   !std::is_same<std::string, T>::value &&
   !std::is_same<const char*, T>::value>::type> : public basic_column_condition
 {
@@ -57,10 +59,10 @@ public:
 
   T value;
 
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
   {
-    d.add_host_var(field_.name());
+    query.bind_vars.emplace_back(field_.name);
-    return d.prepare_identifier(field_.name()) + " " + operand + " " + std::to_string(value);
+    return d.prepare_identifier(field_) + " " + operand + " " + std::to_string(value);
   }
 };
 
@@ -77,18 +79,40 @@ public:
 
   T value;
 
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
   {
-    d.add_host_var(field_.name());
+    query.bind_vars.emplace_back(field_.name);
-    return d.prepare_identifier(field_.name()) + " " + operand + " '" + value + "'";
+    return d.prepare_identifier(field_) + " " + operand + " '" + value + "'";
   }
 };
 
 template<class T>
-class condition<T, column, typename std::enable_if<
+class condition<column, T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T>>> final : public basic_column_condition
-  std::is_scalar<T>::value &&
+{
-  !std::is_same<std::string, T>::value &&
+public:
-  !std::is_same<const char*, T>::value>::type> : public basic_column_condition
+  condition(const column &fld, basic_condition::operand_t op, T val)
+    : basic_column_condition(fld, op)
+    , value(val)
+  { }
+
+  T value;
+
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
+  {
+    auto at = data_type_traits<T>::create_value(value);
+    any_type_to_string_visitor value_to_string(d, query);
+    std::visit(value_to_string, at);
+    return value_to_string.result + " " + operand + " " + d.prepare_identifier(field_);
+  }
+
+};
+
+
+template<class T>
+class condition<T, column, std::enable_if_t<
+  std::is_scalar_v<T> &&
+  !std::is_same_v<std::string, T> &&
+  !std::is_same_v<const char*, T>>> final : public basic_column_condition
 {
 public:
   condition(T val, basic_condition::operand_t op, const column &fld)
@@ -98,9 +122,9 @@ public:
 
   T value;
 
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
   {
-    return std::to_string(value) + " " + operand + " " + d.prepare_identifier(field_.name());
+    return std::to_string(value) + " " + operand + " " + d.prepare_identifier(field_);
   }
 };
 
@@ -117,9 +141,9 @@ public:
 
   T value;
 
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
   {
-    return "'" + std::to_string(value) + "' " + operand + " " + d.prepare_identifier(field_.name());
+    return "'" + std::to_string(value) + "' " + operand + " " + d.prepare_identifier(field_);
   }
 };
 
@@ -159,14 +183,13 @@ public:
    * @param d The d used to evaluate
    * @return A condition IN part of the query
    */
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override {
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override {
     auto count = size();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-      d.add_host_var(field_.name());
+      query.bind_vars.emplace_back(field_.name);
     }
 
-
+    std::string result = d.prepare_identifier(field_) + " IN (";
-    std::string result = d.prepare_identifier(field_.name()) + " IN (";
     if (args_.size() < 2) {
       for (const auto &val : args_) {
         result.append(std::to_string(val));
@@ -205,7 +228,7 @@ private:
  * @endcode
  */
 template <>
-class condition<column, query> : public basic_column_condition
+class condition<column, query_context> : public basic_column_condition
 {
 public:
   /**
@@ -219,7 +242,7 @@ public:
    * @param op Operand of the condition
    * @param q The query to be evaluated to the IN arguments
    */
-  condition(column col, basic_condition::operand_t op, query &q);
+  condition(column col, basic_condition::operand_t op, const query_context &q);
 
   /**
    * @brief Evaluates the condition
@@ -230,10 +253,10 @@ public:
    * @param d The d used to evaluate
    * @return A condition IN part of the query
    */
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override;
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override;
 
 private:
-  query &query_;
+  query_context query_;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -265,10 +288,10 @@ public:
    * @param d The d used to evaluate
    * @return A condition BETWEEN part of the query
    */
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override {
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override {
-    d.add_host_var(field_.name());
+    query.bind_vars.emplace_back(field_.name);
-    d.add_host_var(field_.name());
+    query.bind_vars.emplace_back(field_.name);
-    return d.prepare_identifier(field_.name()) + " BETWEEN " + std::to_string(range_.first) + " AND " + std::to_string(range_.second);
+    return d.prepare_identifier(field_) + " BETWEEN " + std::to_string(range_.first) + " AND " + std::to_string(range_.second);
   }
 
 private:
@@ -307,11 +330,11 @@ public:
    * @param d The d used to evaluate
    * @return The evaluated string based on the compile type
    */
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
   {
     // ensure the numbering order for host vars
-    auto cl = left.evaluate(d);
+    auto cl = left.evaluate(d, query);
-    auto cr = right.evaluate(d);
+    auto cr = right.evaluate(d, query);
     if (operand == basic_condition::operand_t::AND) {
       return "(" + cl + " " + basic_condition::operands[operand] + " " + cr + ")";
     } else {
@@ -350,7 +373,7 @@ public:
    * @param d The d used to evaluate
    * @return The evaluated string based on the compile type
    */
-  std::string evaluate(dialect &d) const override
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
   {
     return operand + " (" + cond.evaluate(d) + ")";
   }
@@ -360,6 +383,28 @@ private:
   std::string operand;
 };
 
+template<>
+class condition<column, column> : public basic_column_condition
+{
+public:
+  condition(const column &a, basic_condition::operand_t op, column b)
+  : basic_column_condition(a, op)
+  , other_column_(std::move(b)) {}
+  /**
+   * @brief Evaluates the condition
+   *
+   * @param d The d used to evaluate
+   * @return The evaluated string based on the compile type
+   */
+  std::string evaluate(const dialect &d, query_context &query) const override
+  {
+    return d.prepare_identifier(field_) + " " + operand + " " + d.prepare_identifier(other_column_);
+  }
+
+private:
+  column other_column_;
+};
+
 /**
  * @file condition.hpp
  * @brief Contains functions to create query conditions
@@ -397,7 +442,8 @@ condition<column, std::initializer_list<V>> in(const column &col, std::initializ
  * @param q The query to be executes as sub select
  * @return The condition object
  */
-condition<column, query> in(const column &col, query &&q);
+condition<column, query_context> in(const column &col, const query_context &q);
+condition<column, query_context> in(const column &col, const query_select &q);
 
 /**
  * @brief Creates a between condition.
@@ -446,6 +492,8 @@ condition<column, T> operator==(const column &col, T val)
   return condition<column, T>(col, basic_condition::operand_t::EQUAL, val);
 }
 
+condition<column, column> operator==(const column &a, const column &b);
+
 /**
  * @brief Condition equality method for a column and a query
  *
@@ -456,7 +504,7 @@ condition<column, T> operator==(const column &col, T val)
  * @param q The query to compare with
  * @return The condition object representing the equality operation
  */
-condition<column, query> equals(const column &col, query &q);
+condition<column, query_context> equals(const column &col, query_context &q);
 
 /**
  * @brief Condition inequality operator for a column and a value

include/matador/sql/connection.hpp

@@ -4,8 +4,11 @@
 #include "matador/sql/connection_info.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/connection_impl.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/dialect.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_context.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/query_result.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/statement.hpp"
 
 #include "matador/utils/logger.hpp"
 
@@ -13,7 +16,7 @@
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-class connection_impl;
+class schema;
 
 class connection
 {
@@ -23,7 +26,6 @@ public:
   connection(const connection &x);
   connection& operator=(const connection &x);
   connection(connection &&x) noexcept = default;
-  connection& operator=(connection &&x) noexcept = default;
   ~connection();
 
   void open();
@@ -31,16 +33,25 @@ public:
   [[nodiscard]] bool is_open() const;
   [[nodiscard]] const connection_info& info() const;
 
-  [[nodiscard]] record describe(const std::string &table_name) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] std::vector<sql::column_definition> describe(const std::string &table_name) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name) const;
   [[nodiscard]] bool exists(const std::string &table_name) const;
 
+  sql::query query(const sql::schema &schema) const;
+
+  query_result<record> fetch(const query_context &q) const;
   [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<query_result_impl> fetch(const std::string &sql) const;
-  [[nodiscard]] std::pair<size_t, std::string> execute(const std::string &sql) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t execute(const std::string &sql) const;
+
+  statement prepare(query_context &&query) const;
+
+  const class dialect& dialect() const;
 
 private:
   connection_info connection_info_;
   std::unique_ptr<connection_impl> connection_;
   utils::logger logger_;
+  const class dialect &dialect_;
 };
 
 }

include/matador/sql/connection_impl.hpp

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
 
 #include "matador/sql/connection_info.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/query_result_impl.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_context.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/statement_impl.hpp"
 
 #include <memory>
 
@@ -22,10 +24,10 @@ public:
 
   virtual size_t execute(const std::string &stmt) = 0;
   virtual std::unique_ptr<query_result_impl> fetch(const std::string &stmt) = 0;
-  virtual void prepare(const std::string &stmt) = 0;
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<statement_impl> prepare(query_context context) = 0;
 
-  virtual record describe(const std::string &table) = 0;
+  virtual std::vector<sql::column_definition> describe(const std::string &table) = 0;
-  virtual bool exists(const std::string &table_name) = 0;
+  virtual bool exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name) = 0;
 
 protected:
   explicit connection_impl(const connection_info &info);

include/matador/sql/connection_pool.hpp

@@ -1,75 +1,138 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_CONNECTION_POOL_HPP
 #define QUERY_CONNECTION_POOL_HPP
 
-#include <utility>
+#include "matador/sql/connection_info.hpp"
-#include <queue>
+
+#include <chrono>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <string>
-#include <unordered_set>
+#include <optional>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <thread>
+#include <unordered_map>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
 template < class Connection >
 class connection_pool;
 
+template < class Connection >
+using IdConnection = std::pair<size_t, Connection>;
+
 template < class Connection >
 class connection_ptr
 {
 public:
-  connection_ptr(Connection *c, connection_pool<Connection> &pool)
+  connection_ptr(IdConnection<Connection> *c, connection_pool<Connection> *pool)
   : connection_(c), pool_(pool) {}
   ~connection_ptr();
   connection_ptr(const connection_ptr &) = delete;
   connection_ptr& operator=(const connection_ptr &) = delete;
-  connection_ptr(connection_ptr &&) noexcept = default;
+  connection_ptr(connection_ptr &&x) noexcept
-  connection_ptr& operator=(connection_ptr &&) noexcept = default;
+  : connection_(x.connection_)
+  , pool_(x.pool_)
+  {
+    x.connection_ = nullptr;
+    x.pool_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  connection_ptr& operator=(connection_ptr &&x) noexcept
+  {
+    if (this == &x) {
+      return *this;
+    }
 
-  Connection* operator->() { return connection_; }
+    std::swap(connection_, x.connection_);
-  Connection& operator*() { return *connection_; }
+    std::swap(pool_, x.pool_);
 
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  Connection* operator->() { return &connection_->second; }
+  Connection& operator*() { return connection_->second; }
+
+  [[nodiscard]] std::optional<size_t> id() const
+  {
+    if (connection_) {
+      return connection_->first;
+    } else {
+      return std::nullopt;
+    }
+  }
   [[nodiscard]] bool valid() const { return connection_ != nullptr; }
 
 private:
   friend class connection_pool<Connection>;
 
-  Connection *connection_;
+  IdConnection<Connection> *connection_{};
-  connection_pool<Connection> &pool_;
+  connection_pool<Connection> *pool_{};
 };
 
 template < class Connection >
 class connection_pool
 {
 public:
-  connection_pool(const std::string &dns, unsigned int count)
+  using connection_pointer = connection_ptr<Connection>;
+
+public:
+  connection_pool(const std::string &dns, size_t count)
   : info_(connection_info::parse(dns)) {
     connection_repo_.reserve(count);
-    for (auto i = 0U; i < count; ++i) {
+    while (count) {
-      connection_repo_.emplace_back(info_);
+      connection_repo_.emplace_back(count, info_);
-      idle_connections_.push(&connection_repo_.back());
+      auto &conn = connection_repo_.back();
-      idle_connections_.back()->open();
+      idle_connections_.emplace(conn.first, &conn);
+      conn.second.open();
+      --count;
     }
   }
 
-  connection_ptr<Connection> acquire() {
+  connection_pointer acquire() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mutex_);
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    while (idle_connections_.empty()) {
+      cv.wait(lock);
+    }
+
+    return get_next_connection();
+  }
+
+  connection_pointer try_acquire() {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
     if (idle_connections_.empty()) {
-      return {nullptr, *this};
+      return {nullptr, this};
     }
 
-    auto ptr = idle_connections_.front();
+    return get_next_connection();
-    idle_connections_.pop();
-    inuse_connections_.insert(ptr);
-    return { ptr, *this };
   }
 
-  void release(Connection *c) {
+  connection_pointer acquire(size_t id) {
+    using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+    pointer next_connection{nullptr};
+    auto try_count{0};
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+
+    do {
+      if (auto it = idle_connections_.find(id); it != idle_connections_.end()) {
+        next_connection = it->second;
+        auto node = idle_connections_.extract(it);
+        inuse_connections_.insert(std::move(node));
+      } else {
+        lock.unlock();
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
+        lock.lock();
+      }
+    } while(try_count++ < 5);
+
+    return {next_connection, this};
+  }
+
+  void release(IdConnection<Connection> *c) {
     if (c == nullptr) {
       return;
     }
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mutex_);
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
-
+    if (auto it = inuse_connections_.find(c->first); it != inuse_connections_.end()) {
-    if (inuse_connections_.erase(c) > 0) {
+      auto node = inuse_connections_.extract(it);
-      idle_connections_.push(c);
+      idle_connections_.insert(std::move(node));
     }
   }
 
@@ -91,21 +154,33 @@ public:
   const connection_info &info() const {
     return info_;
   }
+
+private:
+  connection_pointer get_next_connection() {
+    pointer next_connection{nullptr};
+    for (auto &item : idle_connections_) {
+      next_connection = item.second;
+      auto node = idle_connections_.extract(item.first);
+      inuse_connections_.insert(std::move(node));
+      break;
+    }
+    return {next_connection, this};
+  }
 private:
   mutable std::mutex mutex_;
-  std::vector<Connection> connection_repo_;
+  std::condition_variable cv;
-  using pointer = Connection*;
+  std::vector<IdConnection<Connection>> connection_repo_;
-  using connections = std::queue<pointer>;
+  using pointer = IdConnection<Connection>*;
-  using connection_set = std::unordered_set<pointer>;
+  using connection_map = std::unordered_map<size_t, pointer>;
-  connections idle_connections_;
+  connection_map inuse_connections_;
-  connection_set inuse_connections_;
+  connection_map idle_connections_;
 
   const connection_info info_;
 };
 
 template<class Connection>
 connection_ptr<Connection>::~connection_ptr() {
-  pool_.release(connection_);
+  pool_->release(connection_);
 }
 
 }

include/matador/sql/convert.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_CONVERT_HPP
+#define QUERY_CONVERT_HPP
+
+#include "matador/utils/types.hpp"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <charconv>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+template < typename DestType, typename SourceType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_same<DestType, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = source;
+}
+
+template < typename DestType, typename SourceType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_arithmetic<SourceType>::value && !std::is_same<DestType, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = static_cast<DestType>(source);
+}
+
+template < typename DestType, typename SourceType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value && std::is_arithmetic<SourceType>::value && !std::is_same<DestType, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = static_cast<DestType>(source);
+}
+
+void convert(std::string &dest, bool source);
+
+template < typename SourceType >
+void convert(std::string &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<SourceType>::value && !std::is_same<bool, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  std::array<char, 128> buffer{};
+  auto [ptr, ec] = std::to_chars(buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size(), source, 10);
+  if (ec == std::errc{}) {
+    dest.assign(buffer.data(), ptr);
+  } else {
+    throw std::logic_error("couldn't convert value to std::string");
+  }
+}
+
+template < typename SourceType >
+void convert(std::string &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  std::array<char, 128> buffer{};
+  auto [ptr, ec] = std::to_chars(buffer.data(), buffer.data() + buffer.size(), source);
+  if (ec == std::errc{}) {
+    dest.assign(buffer.data(), ptr);
+  } else {
+    throw std::logic_error("couldn't convert value to std::string");
+  }
+}
+
+template < typename SourceType >
+void convert(utils::blob &dest, SourceType source, typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<utils::blob, SourceType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  throw std::logic_error("couldn't convert value to matador::utils::blob");
+}
+
+void convert(std::string &dest, const char* source);
+
+unsigned long long to_unsigned_long_long(const char *source);
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const std::string &source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_unsigned<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = to_unsigned_long_long(source.c_str());
+}
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const char *source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_unsigned<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = to_unsigned_long_long(source);
+}
+
+long long to_long_long(const char *source);
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const std::string &source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_signed<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = to_long_long(source.c_str());
+}
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const char *source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<DestType>::value && std::is_signed<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = to_long_long(source);
+}
+
+long double to_double(const char *source);
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const std::string &source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = to_double(source.c_str());
+}
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const char *source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = to_double(source);
+}
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, bool source, typename std::enable_if<std::is_floating_point<DestType>::value>::type* = nullptr)
+{
+  dest = static_cast<DestType>(source);
+}
+
+template < typename DestType >
+void convert(DestType &dest, const utils::blob &data)
+{
+  throw std::logic_error("couldn't convert matador::utils::blob into destination type");
+}
+
+void convert(utils::blob &dest, const utils::blob &data);
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_CONVERT_HPP

include/matador/sql/data_type_traits.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_DATA_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
+#define QUERY_DATA_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/any_type.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/types.hpp"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class query_result_reader;
+class parameter_binder;
+class result_parameter_binder;
+
+/**
+ * @brief Enumeration type of all supported builtin data types
+ */
+enum class data_type_t : uint8_t {
+  type_char = 0,           /*!< Data type char */
+  type_short,              /*!< Data type short */
+  type_int,                /*!< Data type int */
+  type_long,               /*!< Data type long */
+  type_long_long,          /*!< Data type long long */
+  type_unsigned_char,      /*!< Data type unsigned char */
+  type_unsigned_short,     /*!< Data type unsigned short */
+  type_unsigned_int,       /*!< Data type unsigned int */
+  type_unsigned_long,      /*!< Data type unsigned long */
+  type_unsigned_long_long, /*!< Data type unsigned long long */
+  type_float,              /*!< Data type float */
+  type_double,             /*!< Data type double */
+  type_bool,               /*!< Data type bool */
+  type_char_pointer,       /*!< Data type character pointer */
+  type_varchar,            /*!< Data type varchar */
+  type_text,               /*!< Data type text */
+  type_date,               /*!< Data type date */
+  type_time,               /*!< Data type time */
+  type_blob,               /*!< Data type blob */
+  type_null,               /*!< Data type null */
+  type_unknown             /*!< Data type unknown */
+};
+
+/**
+ * @tparam T The type of the traits
+ * @brief Type traits for database types
+ *
+ * This class is used to determine and
+ * provide the correct size information
+ * for a data type
+ */
+template < class Type, class Enable = void >
+struct data_type_traits;
+
+/// @cond MATADOR_DEV
+template <> struct data_type_traits<nullptr_t, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_null; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, nullptr_t &/*value*/);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, nullptr_t &/*value*/);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, nullptr_t &/*value*/);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const char &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<char, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_char; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, char &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, char &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, char &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const char &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<short, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_short; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, short &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, short &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, short &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const short &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<int, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_int; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, int &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, int &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, int &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const int &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<long, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_long; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, long &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, long &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, long &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const long &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<long long, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_long_long; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, long long &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, long long &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, long long &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const long long &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<unsigned char, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_unsigned_char; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, unsigned char &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned char &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned char &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const unsigned char &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<unsigned short, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_unsigned_short; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, unsigned short &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned short &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned short &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const unsigned short &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<unsigned int, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_unsigned_int; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, unsigned int &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned int &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned int &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const unsigned int &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<unsigned long, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/ = 0) { return data_type_t::type_unsigned_long; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned long &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned long &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const unsigned long &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<unsigned long long, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_unsigned_long_long; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, unsigned long long &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned long long &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, unsigned long long &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const unsigned long long &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<bool, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_bool; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, bool &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, bool &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, bool &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const bool &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<float, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_float; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, float &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, float &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, float &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const float &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<double, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_double; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, double &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, double &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, double &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const double &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<const char*, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t size) { return size == 0 ? data_type_t::type_text : data_type_t::type_char_pointer; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, const char* value, size_t size);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, const char *value, size_t size = 0);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, const char *value, size_t size = 0);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const char *value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<char*, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t size) { return size == 0 ? data_type_t::type_text : data_type_t::type_varchar; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, char *value, size_t size);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, char *value, size_t size = 0);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, char *value, size_t size = 0);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const char *value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<std::string, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t size) { return size == 0 ? data_type_t::type_text : data_type_t::type_varchar; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t size);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t size = 0);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, std::string &value, size_t size = 0);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const std::string &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+template <> struct data_type_traits<utils::blob, void>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_blob; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, utils::blob &value);
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, utils::blob &value);
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, utils::blob &value);
+  inline static any_type create_value(const utils::blob &value) { return value; }
+};
+
+//template <> struct data_type_traits<matador::date>
+//{
+//  inline static database_type_t type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return database_type_t::type_date; }
+//  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_date; }
+//  inline static unsigned long size() { return 255; }
+//  inline static const char* name() { return "matador::date"; }
+//};
+//
+//template <> struct data_type_traits<matador::time>
+//{
+//  inline static database_type_t type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return database_type_t::type_time; }
+//  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_time; }
+//  inline static unsigned long size() { return 255; }
+//  inline static const char* name() { return "matador::time"; }
+//};
+
+template < typename EnumType >
+struct data_type_traits<EnumType, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<EnumType>>>
+{
+  inline static data_type_t builtin_type(std::size_t /*size*/) { return data_type_t::type_int; }
+  static void read_value(query_result_reader &reader, const char *id, size_t index, EnumType &value)
+  {
+    data_type_traits<int>::read_value(reader, id, index, reinterpret_cast<int&>(value));
+  }
+  static void bind_value(parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, EnumType &value)
+  {
+    data_type_traits<int>::bind_value(binder, index, static_cast<int&>(value));
+  }
+  static void bind_result_value(result_parameter_binder &binder, size_t index, EnumType &value)
+  {
+    data_type_traits<int>::bind_result_value(binder, index, static_cast<int&>(value));
+  }
+  static any_type create_value(const EnumType &value) {
+      return static_cast<int>(value);
+  }
+};
+/// @endcond
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_DATA_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP

include/matador/sql/dialect.hpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_DIALECT_HPP
 #define QUERY_DIALECT_HPP
 
-#include "matador/sql/types.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/data_type_traits.hpp"
 
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-class column;
+class dialect final
-
-class dialect
 {
 public:
   enum class token_t : uint8_t
@@ -25,11 +25,15 @@ public:
     SELECT,
     TABLE,
     VALUES,
+    INSERT_VALUES,
     COLUMNS,
     COLUMN,
     FROM,
+    JOIN,
+    ON,
     INTO,
     WHERE,
+    WHERE_CLAUSE,
     AND,
     OR,
     LIKE,
@@ -42,6 +46,7 @@ public:
     OFFSET,
     DISTINCT,
     SET,
+    UPDATE_VALUES,
     NOT_NULL,
     PRIMARY_KEY,
     BEGIN,
@@ -50,6 +55,8 @@ public:
     START_QUOTE,
     END_QUOTE,
     STRING_QUOTE,
+    BEGIN_BINARY_DATA,
+    END_BINARY_DATA,
     NONE
   };
 
@@ -65,14 +72,11 @@ public:
   using data_type_to_string_map = std::unordered_map<data_type_t, std::string>;
   using sql_func_to_string_map = std::unordered_map<sql_function_t, std::string>;
 
-public:
+  using next_placeholder_func = std::function<std::string(size_t)>;
-  dialect() = default;
-  dialect(const token_to_string_map &token_replace_map, const data_type_to_string_map &data_type_replace_map);
-  explicit dialect(const data_type_to_string_map &data_type_replace_map);
-  explicit dialect(const token_to_string_map &token_replace_map);
 
-  const std::string& token_at(token_t token) const;
+public:
-  const std::string& data_type_at(data_type_t type) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& token_at(token_t token) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& data_type_at(data_type_t type) const;
 
   /**
  * Prepare sql dialect identifier for execution
@@ -82,14 +86,15 @@ public:
  * @param str The identifier string to be prepared
  * @return The prepared string
  */
-  std::string prepare_identifier(const column &col) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string prepare_identifier(const column &col) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string prepare_identifier_string(const std::string &col) const;
 
   /**
    * Prepare string literal
    *
    * @param str String literal to be prepared
    */
-  std::string prepare_literal(const std::string &str) const;
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string prepare_literal(const std::string &str) const;
 
   /**
    * Wrap identifier quotes around a sql identifier keyword
@@ -118,7 +123,7 @@ public:
    *
    * @return How the identifier quotes should be escaped
    */
-  virtual escape_identifier_t identifier_escape_type() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] virtual escape_identifier_t identifier_escape_type() const;
 
   /**
    * Generates a next placeholder string. default is
@@ -126,17 +131,24 @@ public:
    *
    * @return Placeholder string
    */
-  virtual std::string next_placeholder() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string next_placeholder(const std::vector<std::string> &bind_vars) const;
 
-  void add_host_var(const std::string &host_var);
+  /**
-  void add_column(const std::string &column);
+   * Returns the default schema name.
-
+   *
-  const std::vector<std::string>& host_vars() const;
+   * @return The default schema name.
-  const std::vector<std::string>& columns() const;
+   */
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string default_schema_name() const;
 
 private:
-  std::vector<std::string> host_vars_;
+  dialect() = default;
-  std::vector<std::string> columns_;
+
+private:
+  friend class dialect_builder;
+
+  next_placeholder_func placeholder_func_ = [](size_t) { return "?"; };
+
+  std::string default_schema_name_;
 
   token_to_string_map tokens_ {
     {token_t::CREATE,      "CREATE"},
@@ -151,6 +163,8 @@ private:
     {token_t::COLUMNS,     "COLUMNS"},
     {token_t::COLUMN,      "COLUMN"},
     {token_t::FROM,        "FROM"},
+    {token_t::JOIN,        "INNER JOIN"},
+    {token_t::ON,          "ON"},
     {token_t::WHERE,       "WHERE"},
     {token_t::AND,         "AND"},
     {token_t::OR,          "OR"},
@@ -173,6 +187,8 @@ private:
     {token_t::START_QUOTE, "\""},
     {token_t::END_QUOTE, "\""},
     {token_t::STRING_QUOTE, "'"},
+    {token_t::BEGIN_BINARY_DATA, "X'"},
+    {token_t::END_BINARY_DATA, "'"},
     {token_t::NONE, ""}
   };
 

include/matador/sql/dialect_builder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_DIALECT_BUILDER_HPP
+#define QUERY_DIALECT_BUILDER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/dialect.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class dialect_builder
+{
+public:
+  static dialect_builder& builder();
+
+  dialect_builder& create();
+
+  dialect_builder& with_token_replace_map(const dialect::token_to_string_map &token_replace_map);
+  dialect_builder& with_data_type_replace_map(const dialect::data_type_to_string_map &data_type_replace_map);
+  dialect_builder& with_placeholder_func(const dialect::next_placeholder_func &func);
+  dialect_builder& with_default_schema_name(const std::string &schema_name);
+
+  dialect build();
+
+private:
+  dialect_builder() = default;
+
+private:
+  dialect dialect_;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_DIALECT_BUILDER_HPP

include/matador/sql/entity.hpp

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ public:
   pointer get() { return obj_.get(); }
   const value_type* get() const { return obj_.get(); }
 
+  operator bool() const { return obj_.get() != nullptr; } // NOLINT(*-explicit-constructor)
+
 private:
   std::shared_ptr<value_type> obj_;
 };

include/matador/sql/entity_query_builder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_ENTITY_QUERY_BUILDER_HPP
+#define QUERY_ENTITY_QUERY_BUILDER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/connection.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_context.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_intermediates.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/value.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/result.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+struct join_columns
+{
+  std::string join_column;
+  std::string inverse_join_column;
+};
+
+class join_column_collector
+{
+public:
+  template<class Type>
+  join_columns collect()
+  {
+    join_columns_ = {};
+    Type obj;
+
+    matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+
+    return join_columns_;
+  }
+  template < class V >
+  void on_primary_key(const char * /*id*/, V &, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0) {}
+  void on_primary_key(const char * /*id*/, std::string &, size_t) {}
+  void on_revision(const char * /*id*/, unsigned long long &/*rev*/) {}
+  template<typename Type>
+  void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, Type &, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_belongs_to(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &obj, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr) {}
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_has_one(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &obj, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(ContainerType &, const char *join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char * /*id*/, ContainerType &/*c*/, const char *join_column, const char *inverse_join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/)
+  {
+    join_columns_.join_column = join_column;
+    join_columns_.inverse_join_column = inverse_join_column;
+  }
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char * /*id*/, ContainerType &/*c*/, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
+
+private:
+  join_columns join_columns_;
+};
+
+struct entity_query_data {
+  std::string root_table_name;
+  std::string pk_column_;
+  std::vector<column> columns;
+  std::vector<join_data> joins;
+  std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> where_clause;
+};
+
+enum class query_build_error : std::uint8_t {
+  Ok = 0,
+  UnknownType,
+  MissingPrimaryKey,
+  UnexpectedError
+};
+
+class query_builder_exception : public std::exception
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_builder_exception(query_build_error error) : error_(error) {}
+
+  [[nodiscard]] query_build_error error() const { return error_; }
+
+private:
+  const query_build_error error_;
+};
+
+class entity_query_builder
+{
+public:
+  explicit entity_query_builder(const schema &scm)
+  : schema_(scm) {}
+
+  template<class EntityType, typename PrimaryKeyType>
+  utils::result<entity_query_data, query_build_error> build(const PrimaryKeyType &pk) {
+    const auto info = schema_.info<EntityType>();
+    if (!info) {
+      return utils::error(query_build_error::UnknownType);
+    }
+    pk_ = pk;
+    table_info_stack_.push(info.value());
+    entity_query_data_ = { info->name };
+    EntityType obj;
+    try {
+      matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+
+      return {utils::ok(std::move(entity_query_data_))};
+    } catch (const query_builder_exception &ex) {
+      return {utils::error(ex.error())};
+    } catch (...) {
+      return {utils::error(query_build_error::UnexpectedError)};
+    }
+  }
+
+  template<class EntityType>
+  utils::result<entity_query_data, query_build_error> build() {
+    const auto info = schema_.info<EntityType>();
+    if (!info) {
+      return utils::error(query_build_error::UnknownType);
+    }
+    pk_ = nullptr;
+    table_info_stack_.push(info.value());
+    entity_query_data_ = { info->name };
+    EntityType obj;
+    try {
+      matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+
+      return {utils::ok(std::move(entity_query_data_))};
+    } catch (const query_builder_exception &ex) {
+      return {utils::error(ex.error())};
+    } catch (...) {
+      return {utils::error(query_build_error::UnexpectedError)};
+    }
+  }
+
+  template < class V >
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, V &, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0)
+  {
+    push(id);
+    if (!is_root_entity()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (pk_.is_null()) {
+      entity_query_data_.pk_column_ = id;
+    } else if (pk_.is_integer()) {
+      entity_query_data_.where_clause = make_condition(column{table_info_stack_.top().name, id, ""} == *pk_.as<V>());
+      entity_query_data_.pk_column_ = id;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &, size_t);
+  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &/*rev*/);
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes)
+  {
+    push(id);
+  }
+
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer &obj, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    on_foreign_object(id, obj, attr);
+  }
+
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer &obj, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    on_foreign_object(id, obj, attr);
+  }
+
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(ContainerType &, const char *join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    if (attr.fetch() == utils::fetch_type::EAGER) {
+      const auto info = schema_.info<typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type>();
+      if (!info) {
+        throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::UnknownType};
+      }
+      table_info_stack_.push(info.value());
+      typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type obj;
+      matador::utils::access::process(*this , obj);
+      table_info_stack_.pop();
+
+      auto pk = info->prototype.primary_key();
+      if (!pk) {
+        throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::MissingPrimaryKey};
+      }
+
+      append_join({table_info_stack_.top().name, table_info_stack_.top().prototype.primary_key()->name()}, {info->name, join_column});
+    }
+  }
+
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const char *join_column, const char *inverse_join_column, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    if (attr.fetch() != utils::fetch_type::EAGER) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const auto info = schema_.info<typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type>();
+    if (!info) {
+      throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::UnknownType};
+    }
+    table_info_stack_.push(info.value());
+    typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type obj;
+    matador::utils::access::process(*this , obj);
+    table_info_stack_.pop();
+
+    auto pk = info->prototype.primary_key();
+    if (!pk) {
+      throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::MissingPrimaryKey};
+    }
+
+    append_join({table_info_stack_.top().name, table_info_stack_.top().prototype.primary_key()->name()}, {id, join_column});
+    append_join({id, inverse_join_column}, {info->name, pk->name()});
+  }
+
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many_to_many(const char *id, ContainerType &c, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+  {
+    if (attr.fetch() != utils::fetch_type::EAGER) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const auto info = schema_.info<typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type>();
+    if (!info) {
+      throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::UnknownType};
+    }
+    table_info_stack_.push(info.value());
+    typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type obj;
+    matador::utils::access::process(*this , obj);
+    table_info_stack_.pop();
+
+    auto pk = info->prototype.primary_key();
+    if (!pk) {
+      throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::MissingPrimaryKey};
+    }
+
+    const auto join_columns = join_column_collector_.collect<typename ContainerType::value_type::value_type>();
+
+    append_join({table_info_stack_.top().name, table_info_stack_.top().prototype.primary_key()->name()}, {id, join_columns.inverse_join_column});
+    append_join({id, join_columns.join_column}, {info->name, pk->name()});
+  }
+
+private:
+  template<class Pointer>
+  void on_foreign_object(const char *id, Pointer &, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr);
+  void push(const std::string &column_name);
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_root_entity() const;
+  void append_join(const column &left, const column &right);
+
+private:
+  value pk_;
+  std::stack<table_info> table_info_stack_;
+  const schema &schema_;
+  entity_query_data entity_query_data_;
+  int column_index{0};
+  join_column_collector join_column_collector_;
+};
+
+template<class Pointer>
+void entity_query_builder::on_foreign_object(const char *id, Pointer &, const utils::foreign_attributes &attr)
+{
+  if (attr.fetch() == utils::fetch_type::EAGER) {
+    const auto info = schema_.info<typename Pointer::value_type>();
+    if (!info) {
+      throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::UnknownType};
+    }
+    table_info_stack_.push(info.value());
+    typename Pointer::value_type obj;
+    matador::utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+    table_info_stack_.pop();
+
+    auto pk = info->prototype.primary_key();
+    if (!pk) {
+      throw query_builder_exception{query_build_error::MissingPrimaryKey};
+    }
+    append_join({table_info_stack_.top().name, id}, {info->name, pk->name()});
+  } else {
+    push(id);
+  }
+}
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_ENTITY_QUERY_BUILDER_HPP

include/matador/sql/field.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_FIELD_HPP
+#define QUERY_FIELD_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/value.hpp"
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class field
+{
+public:
+  explicit field(std::string name);
+  template<typename Type>
+  field(std::string name, Type value, size_t size = 0, int index = -1)
+  : name_(std::move(name))
+  , index_(index)
+  , value_(value, size) {}
+  field(std::string name, data_type_t data_type, size_t size = 0, int index = -1);
+  field(const field &x) = default;
+  field& operator=(const field &x) = default;
+  field(field &&x) noexcept;
+  field& operator=(field &&x) noexcept;
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  field& operator=(Type value) {
+    value_ = std::move(value);
+
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::string& name() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t size() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] int index() const;
+
+  template<class Type>
+  std::optional<Type> as() const
+  {
+    return value_.as<Type>();
+  }
+
+  [[nodiscard]] std::string str() const;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_integer() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_floating_point() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_bool() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_string() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_varchar() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_blob() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_null() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] bool is_unknown() const;
+
+  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &out, const field &col);
+
+private:
+  template<class Operator>
+  void process(Operator &op)
+  {
+    op.on_attribute(name_.c_str(), value_, value_.size());
+  }
+
+private:
+  friend class record;
+
+  std::string name_;
+  int index_{-1};
+
+  value value_;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_FIELD_HPP

include/matador/sql/fk_value_extractor.hpp

@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ public:
   void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, Type &/*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
   void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, char * /*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
   template<class Pointer>
-  void on_belongs_to(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_belongs_to(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
   template<class Pointer>
-  void on_has_one(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_one(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
   template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
   template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
 
 
 private:

include/matador/sql/has_many_to_many_relation.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_HAS_MANY_TO_MANY_RELATION_HPP
+#define QUERY_HAS_MANY_TO_MANY_RELATION_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/entity.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/access.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/foreign_attributes.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+template < class LocalType, class ForeignType >
+class has_many_to_many_relation
+{
+public:
+  has_many_to_many_relation() = default;
+  has_many_to_many_relation(std::string local_name, std::string remote_name)
+  : local_name_(std::move(local_name))
+  , remote_name_(std::move(remote_name)) {}
+
+  template<class Operator>
+  void process(Operator &op) {
+    namespace field = matador::utils::access;
+    field::belongs_to(op, local_name_.c_str(), local_, utils::default_foreign_attributes);
+    field::belongs_to(op, remote_name_.c_str(), remote_, utils::default_foreign_attributes);
+  }
+
+  entity<LocalType> local() const { return local_; }
+  entity<LocalType> remote() const { return remote_; }
+
+private:
+  std::string local_name_;
+  std::string remote_name_;
+  sql::entity<LocalType> local_;
+  sql::entity<ForeignType> remote_;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_HAS_MANY_TO_MANY_RELATION_HPP

include/matador/sql/key_value_generator.hpp

@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@ public:
   }
 
   template<class Type, template < class ... > class Pointer>
-  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/)
   {
     result_.emplace_back(id, fk_value_extractor_.extract(*x));
   }
   template<class Type, template < class ... > class Pointer>
-  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/)
   {
     result_.emplace_back(id, fk_value_extractor_.extract(*x));
   }
   template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
   template<class ContainerType>
-  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const utils::foreign_attributes &/*attr*/) {}
 
 private:
   detail::fk_value_extractor fk_value_extractor_;

include/matador/sql/key_value_pair.hpp

@@ -2,13 +2,15 @@
 #define QUERY_KEY_VALUE_PAIR_HPP
 
 #include "matador/sql/any_type.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
 class key_value_pair
 {
 public:
-  key_value_pair(const std::string &name, any_type value);
+  key_value_pair(const sql::column &col, any_type value);
+  key_value_pair(std::string name, any_type value);
   key_value_pair(const char *name, any_type value);
 
   [[nodiscard]] const std::string& name() const;

include/matador/sql/noop_connection.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_NOOP_CONNECTION_HPP
+#define QUERY_NOOP_CONNECTION_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/connection_impl.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class noop_connection final : public connection_impl
+{
+public:
+  explicit noop_connection(const connection_info &info);
+
+  void open() override;
+  void close() override;
+  bool is_open() override;
+  size_t execute(const std::string &stmt) override;
+  std::unique_ptr<query_result_impl> fetch(const std::string &stmt) override;
+  std::unique_ptr<statement_impl> prepare(query_context context) override;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> describe(const std::string &table) override;
+  bool exists(const std::string &schema_name, const std::string &table_name) override;
+
+private:
+  bool is_open_{false};
+};
+}
+#endif //QUERY_NOOP_CONNECTION_HPP

include/matador/sql/object_parameter_binder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_OBJECT_PARAMETER_BINDER_HPP
+#define QUERY_OBJECT_PARAMETER_BINDER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/parameter_binder.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/data_type_traits.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/access.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/cascade_type.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+namespace detail {
+class fk_binder
+{
+public:
+  explicit fk_binder(parameter_binder &binder);
+
+  template<class Type>
+  void bind(Type &obj, size_t column_index)
+  {
+    index_ = column_index;
+    utils::access::process(*this, obj);
+  }
+
+  template<typename ValueType>
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, ValueType &value, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<ValueType>::value && !std::is_same<bool, ValueType>::value>::type* = 0);
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &value, size_t size);
+  void on_revision(const char * /*id*/, unsigned long long &/*rev*/) {}
+
+  template < class Type >
+  void on_attribute(const char * /*id*/, Type &/*x*/, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes) {}
+  template < class Pointer >
+  void on_belongs_to(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  template < class Pointer >
+  void on_has_one(const char * /*id*/, Pointer &/*x*/, utils::cascade_type) {}
+
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
+
+private:
+  parameter_binder &binder_;
+  size_t index_{0};
+};
+
+}
+
+class object_parameter_binder
+{
+public:
+  explicit object_parameter_binder(parameter_binder &binder);
+
+  void reset();
+
+  template < class Type >
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, Type &val, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<Type>::value && !std::is_same<bool, Type>::value>::type* = 0)
+  {
+    data_type_traits<Type>::bind_value(binder_, index_++, val);
+  }
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &, size_t size);
+  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &/*rev*/);
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &val, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes)
+  {
+    data_type_traits<Type>::bind_value(binder_, index_++, val);
+  }
+
+  template<class Type, template < class ... > class Pointer>
+  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  {
+    fk_binder_.bind(index_++, x);
+  }
+  template<class Type, template < class ... > class Pointer>
+  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  {
+    fk_binder_.bind(index_++, x);
+  }
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
+
+private:
+  parameter_binder &binder_;
+  size_t index_{0};
+  detail::fk_binder fk_binder_;
+};
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template<typename ValueType>
+void fk_binder::on_primary_key(const char *id, ValueType &value, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<ValueType>::value && !std::is_same<bool, ValueType>::value>::type *)
+{
+  data_type_traits<ValueType>::bind_value(binder_, index_++, value);
+}
+
+}
+}
+#endif //QUERY_OBJECT_PARAMETER_BINDER_HPP

include/matador/sql/parameter_binder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_PARAMETER_BINDER_HPP
+#define QUERY_PARAMETER_BINDER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/utils/types.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <cstring>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class parameter_binder
+{
+public:
+  virtual ~parameter_binder() = default;
+
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, char) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, short) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, int) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, long) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, long long) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, unsigned char) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, unsigned short) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, unsigned int) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, unsigned long long) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, bool) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, float) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, double) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const char *) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const char *, size_t size) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const std::string&) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const std::string &x, size_t size) = 0;
+  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const utils::blob &) = 0;
+//  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const matador::time&) = 0;
+//  virtual void bind(size_t pos, const matador::date&) = 0;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_PARAMETER_BINDER_HPP

include/matador/sql/placeholder.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_PLACEHOLDER_HPP
+#define QUERY_PLACEHOLDER_HPP
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+struct placeholder {};
+
+inline constexpr bool operator==(const placeholder&, const placeholder&) { return true; }
+
+const placeholder _;
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_PLACEHOLDER_HPP

include/matador/sql/placeholder_generator.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_PLACEHOLDER_GENERATOR_HPP
+#define QUERY_PLACEHOLDER_GENERATOR_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/any_type.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/utils/cascade_type.hpp"
+#include "matador/utils/field_attributes.hpp"
+
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class placeholder_generator
+{
+public:
+  template < class V >
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, V &val, typename std::enable_if<std::is_integral<V>::value && !std::is_same<bool, V>::value>::type* = 0)
+  {
+    placeholder_values.emplace_back(_);
+  }
+  void on_primary_key(const char *id, std::string &, size_t);
+  void on_revision(const char *id, unsigned long long &/*rev*/);
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  void on_attribute(const char *id, Type &val, const utils::field_attributes &/*attr*/ = utils::null_attributes)
+  {
+    placeholder_values.emplace_back(_);
+  }
+
+  template<class Type, template < class ... > class Pointer>
+  void on_belongs_to(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  {
+    placeholder_values.emplace_back(_);
+  }
+  template<class Type, template < class ... > class Pointer>
+  void on_has_one(const char *id, Pointer<Type> &x, utils::cascade_type)
+  {
+    placeholder_values.emplace_back(_);
+  }
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, const char *, const char *, utils::cascade_type) {}
+  template<class ContainerType>
+  void on_has_many(const char *, ContainerType &, utils::cascade_type) {}
+
+  std::vector<any_type> placeholder_values;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_PLACEHOLDER_GENERATOR_HPP

include/matador/sql/query.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_intermediates.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class connection;
+
+class query
+{
+public:
+  explicit query(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
+  query(const query &) = delete;
+  query& operator=(const query &) = delete;
+
+  query_create_intermediate create();
+  query_drop_intermediate drop();
+  query_select_intermediate select(std::initializer_list<column> columns);
+  query_select_intermediate select(const std::vector<column>& columns);
+  query_select_intermediate select(std::vector<column> columns, std::initializer_list<column> additional_columns);
+  query_insert_intermediate insert();
+  query_update_intermediate update(const sql::table &table);
+  query_delete_intermediate remove();
+
+private:
+  connection &connection_;
+  const sql::schema &schema_;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_builder.hpp

@@ -2,23 +2,25 @@
 #define QUERY_QUERY_BUILDER_HPP
 
 #include "matador/sql/basic_condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/dialect.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/key_value_pair.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_context.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
 
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <unordered_set>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace matador::sql {
 
-class dialect;
-
 namespace detail {
 struct any_type_to_string_visitor
 {
-  explicit any_type_to_string_visitor(const dialect &d) : d(d) {}
+  explicit any_type_to_string_visitor(const dialect &d, query_context &query);
 
   void operator()(char &x) { to_string(x); }
   void operator()(short &x) { to_string(x); }
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@ struct any_type_to_string_visitor
   void operator()(double &x) { to_string(x); }
   void operator()(const char *x) { to_string(x); }
   void operator()(std::string &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(utils::blob &x) { to_string(x); }
+  void operator()(placeholder &x) { to_string(x); }
 
   template<typename Type>
   void to_string(Type &val)
@@ -43,8 +47,11 @@ struct any_type_to_string_visitor
   }
   void to_string(const char *val);
   void to_string(std::string &val);
+  void to_string(utils::blob &val);
+  void to_string(placeholder &val);
 
   const dialect &d;
+  query_context &query;
   std::string result;
 };
 
@@ -59,14 +66,6 @@ enum class join_type_t {
   INNER, OUTER, LEFT, RIGHT
 };
 
-struct query
-{
-  std::string sql;
-  std::string table_name;
-  record prototype;
-  std::vector<any_type> host_vars;
-};
-
 class query_builder
 {
 private:
@@ -82,6 +81,8 @@ private:
     QUERY_DELETE,
     QUERY_SET,
     QUERY_FROM,
+    QUERY_JOIN,
+    QUERY_ON,
     QUERY_INTO,
     QUERY_WHERE,
     QUERY_VALUES,
@@ -103,6 +104,15 @@ private:
     REMOVE     /**< Remove query command */
   };
 
+  struct query_part
+  {
+    query_part(dialect::token_t t, std::string p)
+    : token(t), part(std::move(p)) {}
+
+    dialect::token_t token;
+    std::string part;
+  };
+
 public:
   explicit query_builder(const dialect &d);
 
@@ -114,15 +124,15 @@ public:
   query_builder& update(const std::string &table);
   query_builder& remove();
 
-  query_builder& table(const std::string &table, std::initializer_list<column> columns);
+  query_builder& table(const std::string &table, std::initializer_list<column_definition> columns);
-  query_builder& table(const std::string &table, const std::vector<column> &columns);
+  query_builder& table(const std::string &table, const std::vector<column_definition> &columns);
   query_builder& table(const std::string &table);
-  query_builder& into(const std::string &table, std::initializer_list<std::string> column_names);
+  query_builder& into(const std::string &table, std::initializer_list<column> column_names);
-  query_builder& into(const std::string &table, const std::vector<std::string> &column_names);
+  query_builder& into(const std::string &table, const std::vector<column> &column_names);
   query_builder& values(std::initializer_list<any_type> values);
   query_builder& values(const std::vector<any_type> &values);
   query_builder& from(const std::string &table, const std::string &as = "");
-  query_builder& join(const std::string &table, join_type_t);
+  query_builder& join(const std::string &table, join_type_t, const std::string &as = "");
   query_builder& on(const std::string &column, const std::string &join_column);
   query_builder& set(std::initializer_list<key_value_pair> key_values);
   query_builder& set(const std::vector<key_value_pair> &key_values);
@@ -134,7 +144,7 @@ public:
   query_builder& offset(size_t count);
   query_builder& limit(size_t count);
 
-  query compile();
+  query_context compile();
 
 private:
   void transition_to(state_t next);
@@ -146,11 +156,11 @@ private:
   command_t command_{command_t::UNKNOWN};
   state_t state_{state_t::QUERY_INIT};
 
-  std::vector<std::string> query_parts_;
+  std::vector<query_part> query_parts_;
 
   detail::any_type_to_string_visitor value_to_string_;
 
-  query query_;
+  query_context query_;
 
   using query_state_set = std::unordered_set<state_t>;
   using query_state_transition_map = std::unordered_map<state_t, query_state_set>;

include/matador/sql/query_compiler.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_COMPILER_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_COMPILER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_part_visitor.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_parts.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_context.hpp"
+
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class dialect;
+
+struct query_data;
+
+class query_compiler : public query_part_visitor
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_compiler(const sql::dialect& d);
+
+  query_context compile(const query_data *data);
+
+private:
+  void visit(query_select_part &select_part) override;
+  void visit(query_from_part &from_part) override;
+  void visit(query_join_part &join_part) override;
+  void visit(query_on_part &on_part) override;
+  void visit(query_where_part &where_part) override;
+  void visit(query_group_by_part &group_by_part) override;
+  void visit(query_order_by_part &order_by_part) override;
+  void visit(query_order_by_asc_part &order_by_asc_part) override;
+  void visit(query_order_by_desc_part &order_by_desc_part) override;
+  void visit(query_offset_part &offset_part) override;
+  void visit(query_limit_part &limit_part) override;
+  void visit(query_insert_part &insert_part) override;
+  void visit(query_into_part &into_part) override;
+  void visit(query_values_part &values_part) override;
+
+  void visit(query_update_part &update_part) override;
+  void visit(query_set_part &set_part) override;
+
+  void visit(query_delete_part &delete_part) override;
+  void visit(query_delete_from_part &delete_from_part) override;
+
+  void visit(query_create_part &create_part) override;
+  void visit(query_create_table_part &create_table_part) override;
+
+  void visit(query_drop_part &drop_part) override;
+  void visit(query_drop_table_part &drop_table_part) override;
+
+private:
+  const sql::dialect &dialect_;
+  query_context query_;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_COMPILER_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_context.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_CONTEXT_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_CONTEXT_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/table.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+struct query_context
+{
+  std::string sql;
+  std::string command_name;
+  sql::table table{""};
+  std::vector<column_definition> prototype;
+  std::vector<std::string> result_vars;
+  std::vector<std::string> bind_vars;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_CONTEXT_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_data.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_DATA_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_DATA_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/query_part.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/table.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class query_part;
+
+struct query_data
+{
+//  SqlCommands command;
+  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<query_part>> parts;
+  std::vector<column_definition> columns;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_DATA_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_helper.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_HELPER_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_HELPER_HPP
+
+#include "matador/utils/macro_map.hpp"
+
+#include "matador/sql/table.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <ostream>
+
+#define FIELD(x) const sql::column x{*this, #x, ""};
+
+#define QUERY_HELPER(C, ...) \
+namespace matador::qh {     \
+namespace internal {                      \
+struct C##_query : sql::table {           \
+C##_query() : table(#C) {}                            \
+MAP(FIELD, __VA_ARGS__) \
+}; }                     \
+static const internal:: C##_query C;  \
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_HELPER_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_intermediates.hpp

@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 #ifndef QUERY_QUERY_INTERMEDIATES_HPP
 #define QUERY_QUERY_INTERMEDIATES_HPP
 
-#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition_generator.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/column_generator.hpp"
-#include "matador/sql/column_name_generator.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/key_value_generator.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/key_value_pair.hpp"
-#include "matador/sql/query_builder.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/placeholder_generator.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/query_result.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_data.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/record.hpp"
-#include "matador/sql/table_repository.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/statement.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/schema.hpp"
 #include "matador/sql/value_extractor.hpp"
 
 #include <string>
@@ -17,27 +19,38 @@
 namespace matador::sql {
 
 class basic_condition;
-class session;
+class connection;
 
-class query_intermediate
+class basic_query_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  query_intermediate(session &db, query_builder &query);
+  explicit basic_query_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
 
 protected:
-  session &session_;
+  connection &connection_;
-  query_builder &builder_;
+  const sql::schema &schema_;
 };
 
-class query_execute_finish : public query_intermediate
+class query_intermediate : public basic_query_intermediate
+{
+public:
+  query_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema, const std::shared_ptr<query_data> &data);
+
+protected:
+  std::shared_ptr<query_data> data_;
+};
+
+class query_execute : public query_intermediate
 {
 public:
   using query_intermediate::query_intermediate;
 
-  std::pair<size_t, std::string> execute();
+  size_t execute();
+  statement prepare();
+  [[nodiscard]] query_context build() const;
 };
 
-class query_select_finish : public query_intermediate
+class query_select : public query_intermediate
 {
 protected:
   using query_intermediate::query_intermediate;
@@ -48,50 +61,73 @@ public:
   {
     return query_result<Type>(fetch());
   }
-
   query_result<record> fetch_all();
-  record fetch_one();
+
-  template<typename Type>
+  template < class Type >
-  Type fetch_value()
+  std::unique_ptr<Type> fetch_one()
   {
-    return fetch_one().at(0).as<Type>();
+    auto result = query_result<Type>(fetch());
+    auto first = result.begin();
+    if (first == result.end()) {
+      return nullptr;
     }
 
+    return std::unique_ptr<Type>{first.release()};
+  }
+  std::optional<record> fetch_one();
+
+  template<typename Type>
+  std::optional<Type> fetch_value()
+  {
+    const auto result = fetch_one();
+    if (result.has_value()) {
+      return result.value().at(0).as<Type>().value();
+    }
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+
+  statement prepare();
+
+  [[nodiscard]] query_context build() const;
+
 private:
   std::unique_ptr<query_result_impl> fetch();
 };
 
-class query_limit_intermediate : public query_select_finish
+class query_offset_intermediate;
+
+class query_limit_intermediate : public query_select
 {
 public:
-  using query_select_finish::query_select_finish;
+  using query_select::query_select;
+
+  query_offset_intermediate offset(size_t offset);
 };
 
-class query_offset_intermediate : public query_intermediate
+class query_offset_intermediate : public query_select
 {
 public:
-  using query_intermediate::query_intermediate;
+  using query_select::query_select;
 
   query_limit_intermediate limit(size_t limit);
 };
 
-class query_order_direction_intermediate : public query_select_finish
+class query_order_direction_intermediate : public query_select
 {
 public:
-  using query_select_finish::query_select_finish;
+  using query_select::query_select;
 
-  query_offset_intermediate offset(size_t offset);
   query_limit_intermediate limit(size_t limit);
 };
 
 class query_order_by_intermediate;
 
-class query_group_by_intermediate : public query_select_finish
+class query_group_by_intermediate : public query_select
 {
 public:
-  using query_select_finish::query_select_finish;
+  using query_select::query_select;
 
-  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const std::string &name);
+  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const column &col);
 };
 
 class query_order_by_intermediate : public query_intermediate
@@ -103,143 +139,205 @@ public:
   query_order_direction_intermediate desc();
 };
 
-class query_where_intermediate : public query_select_finish
+class query_where_intermediate : public query_select
 {
 public:
-  using query_select_finish::query_select_finish;
+  using query_select::query_select;
 
-  query_group_by_intermediate group_by(const std::string &name);
+  query_group_by_intermediate group_by(const column &col);
-  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const std::string &name);
+  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const column &col);
 };
 
-class query_from_intermediate : public query_select_finish
+class query_join_intermediate;
-{
-public:
-  using query_select_finish::query_select_finish;
 
-  query_where_intermediate where(const basic_condition &cond);
+struct join_data
-  query_group_by_intermediate group_by(const std::string &name);
+{
-  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const std::string &name);
+  table join_table;
+  std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> condition;
 };
 
-class query_start_intermediate
+class query_from_intermediate : public query_select
 {
 public:
-  explicit query_start_intermediate(session &s);
+  using query_select::query_select;
+
+  query_join_intermediate join_left(const table &t);
+  query_from_intermediate join_left(join_data &data);
+  query_from_intermediate join_left(std::vector<join_data> &data_vector);
+
+  template<class Condition>
+  query_where_intermediate where(const Condition &cond)
+  {
+    return where_clause(std::make_unique<Condition>(std::move(cond)));
+  }
+  query_where_intermediate where(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond)
+  {
+    return where_clause(std::move(cond));
+  }
+  query_group_by_intermediate group_by(const column &col);
+  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const column &col);
+
+private:
+  query_where_intermediate where_clause(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond);
+};
+
+using query_on_intermediate = query_from_intermediate;
+
+class query_join_intermediate : public query_intermediate
+{
+public:
+  using query_intermediate::query_intermediate;
+
+  template<class Condition>
+  query_on_intermediate on(const Condition &cond)
+  {
+    return on_clause(std::make_unique<Condition>(std::move(cond)));
+  }
+  query_on_intermediate on(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond)
+  {
+    return on_clause(std::move(cond));
+  }
+
+private:
+  query_on_intermediate on_clause(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond);
+};
+
+class query_start_intermediate : public basic_query_intermediate
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_start_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
 
 protected:
-  session &session_;
+  std::shared_ptr<query_data> data_ { std::make_shared<query_data>() };
-  query_builder builder_;
 };
 
 class query_select_intermediate : public query_start_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  query_select_intermediate(session &s, const std::vector<column>& columns);
+  query_select_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema, const std::vector<column>& columns);
 
-  query_from_intermediate from(const std::string &table, const std::string &as = "");
+  query_from_intermediate from(const table& t);
 };
 
+template < class Type >
+std::vector<any_type> as_placeholder(const Type &obj)
+{
+  placeholder_generator generator;
+  matador::utils::access::process(generator, obj);
+
+  return generator.placeholder_values;
+}
+
 class query_into_intermediate : public query_intermediate
 {
 public:
   using query_intermediate::query_intermediate;
 
-  query_execute_finish values(std::initializer_list<any_type> values);
+  query_execute values(std::initializer_list<any_type> values);
+  query_execute values(std::vector<any_type> &&values);
   template<class Type>
-  query_execute_finish values(const Type &obj)
+  query_execute values()
   {
-    return {session_, builder_.values(value_extractor::extract(obj))};
+    Type obj;
+    return values(std::move(as_placeholder(obj)));
+  }
+  template<class Type>
+  query_execute values(const Type &obj)
+  {
+    return values(std::move(value_extractor::extract(obj)));
   }
 };
 
-class query_create_intermediate : query_start_intermediate
+class query_create_intermediate : public query_start_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  query_create_intermediate(session &s, table_repository &repo);
+  explicit query_create_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
 
-  query_execute_finish table(const std::string &table, std::initializer_list<column> columns);
+  query_execute table(const sql::table &table, std::initializer_list<column_definition> columns);
+  query_execute table(const sql::table &table, const std::vector<column_definition> &columns);
   template<class Type>
-  query_execute_finish table(const std::string &table_name)
+  query_execute table(const sql::table &table)
   {
-    const auto &info = repository_.attach<Type>(table_name);
+    return this->table(table, column_definition_generator::generate<Type>(schema_));
-    return {session_, builder_.table(table_name, info.prototype.columns())};
   }
-
-private:
-  table_repository &repository_;
 };
 
 class query_drop_intermediate : query_start_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  explicit query_drop_intermediate(session &s);
+  explicit query_drop_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
 
-  query_execute_finish table(const std::string &table);
+  query_execute table(const sql::table &table);
 };
 
 class query_insert_intermediate : public query_start_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  explicit query_insert_intermediate(session &s);
+  explicit query_insert_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
 
-  query_into_intermediate into(const std::string &table, std::initializer_list<std::string> column_names);
+  query_into_intermediate into(const sql::table &table, std::initializer_list<column> column_names);
-  template<class Type>
+  query_into_intermediate into(const sql::table &table, std::vector<column> &&column_names);
-  query_into_intermediate into(const std::string &table)
+  query_into_intermediate into(const sql::table &table);
-  {
-    return {session_, builder_.into(table, column_name_generator::generate<Type>())};
-  }
-  template<class Type>
-  query_execute_finish into(const std::string &table, const Type &obj)
-  {
-    return {session_, builder_.into(table, column_name_generator::generate<Type>())
-                         .values(value_extractor::extract(obj))};
-  }
 };
 
-class query_execute_where_intermediate : public query_execute_finish
+class query_execute_where_intermediate : public query_execute
 {
 public:
-  using query_execute_finish::query_execute_finish;
+  using query_execute::query_execute;
 
-  query_execute_finish limit(int limit);
+  query_order_by_intermediate order_by(const column &col);
 };
 
-class query_set_intermediate : public query_execute_finish
+class query_set_intermediate : public query_execute
 {
 public:
-  using query_execute_finish::query_execute_finish;
+  using query_execute::query_execute;
 
-  query_execute_where_intermediate where(const basic_condition &cond);
+  template<class Condition>
+  query_execute_where_intermediate where(const Condition &cond)
+  {
+    return where_clause(std::make_unique<Condition>(std::move(cond)));
+  }
+
+private:
+  query_execute_where_intermediate where_clause(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond);
 };
 
 class query_update_intermediate : public query_start_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  query_update_intermediate(session &s, std::string table_name);
+  query_update_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema, const sql::table& table);
 
   query_set_intermediate set(std::initializer_list<key_value_pair> columns);
+  query_set_intermediate set(std::vector<key_value_pair> &&columns);
   template<class Type>
   query_set_intermediate set(const Type &obj)
   {
-    return {session_, builder_.set(key_value_generator::generate(obj))};
+    return set(key_value_generator::generate(obj));
   }
 };
 
-class query_delete_from_intermediate : public query_execute_finish
+class query_delete_from_intermediate : public query_execute
 {
 public:
-  using query_execute_finish::query_execute_finish;
+  using query_execute::query_execute;
 
-  query_execute_where_intermediate where(const basic_condition &cond);
+  template<class Condition>
+  query_execute_where_intermediate where(const Condition &cond)
+  {
+    return where_clause(std::make_unique<Condition>(std::move(cond)));
+  }
+
+private:
+  query_execute_where_intermediate where_clause(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond);
 };
 
 class query_delete_intermediate : public query_start_intermediate
 {
 public:
-  explicit query_delete_intermediate(session &s);
+  explicit query_delete_intermediate(connection &db, const sql::schema &schema);
 
-  query_delete_from_intermediate from(const std::string &table);
+  query_delete_from_intermediate from(const sql::table &table);
 };
 
 }

include/matador/sql/query_part.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_PART_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_PART_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/dialect.hpp"
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class query_part_visitor;
+
+class query_part
+{
+protected:
+  explicit query_part(sql::dialect::token_t token);
+
+public:
+  virtual ~query_part() = default;
+  virtual void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) = 0;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] dialect::token_t token() const;
+
+protected:
+  sql::dialect::token_t token_;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_PART_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_part_visitor.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_PART_VISITOR_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_PART_VISITOR_HPP
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class query_select_part;
+class query_from_part;
+class query_join_part;
+class query_on_part;
+class query_where_part;
+class query_group_by_part;
+class query_order_by_part;
+class query_order_by_asc_part;
+class query_order_by_desc_part;
+class query_offset_part;
+class query_limit_part;
+class query_insert_part;
+class query_into_part;
+class query_values_part;
+class query_update_part;
+class query_set_part;
+class query_delete_part;
+class query_delete_from_part;
+class query_create_part;
+class query_create_table_part;
+class query_drop_part;
+class query_drop_table_part;
+
+class query_part_visitor
+{
+public:
+  virtual ~query_part_visitor() = default;
+
+  virtual void visit(query_select_part &select_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_from_part &from_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_join_part &join_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_on_part &on_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_where_part &where_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_group_by_part &group_by_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_order_by_part &order_by_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_order_by_asc_part &order_by_asc_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_order_by_desc_part &order_by_desc_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_offset_part &offset_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_limit_part &limit_part) = 0;
+
+  virtual void visit(query_insert_part &insert_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_into_part &into_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_values_part &values_part) = 0;
+
+  virtual void visit(query_update_part &update_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_set_part &set_part) = 0;
+
+  virtual void visit(query_delete_part &delete_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_delete_from_part &delete_from_part) = 0;
+
+  virtual void visit(query_create_part &create_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_create_table_part &create_table_part) = 0;
+
+  virtual void visit(query_drop_part &drop_part) = 0;
+  virtual void visit(query_drop_table_part &drop_table_part) = 0;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_PART_VISITOR_HPP

include/matador/sql/query_parts.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+#ifndef QUERY_QUERY_PARTS_HPP
+#define QUERY_QUERY_PARTS_HPP
+
+#include "matador/sql/basic_condition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_part_visitor.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/column_definition.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/key_value_pair.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/query_part.hpp"
+#include "matador/sql/table.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+
+namespace matador::sql {
+
+class basic_condition;
+
+/**
+ * Represents the SQL SELECT part
+ */
+class query_select_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_select_part(std::vector<column> columns);
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<column>& columns() const;
+
+private:
+  std::vector<column> columns_;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Represents the SQL FROM part
+ */
+class query_from_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_from_part(sql::table t);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+};
+
+class query_join_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_join_part(sql::table t);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+};
+
+class query_on_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  template < class Condition >
+  explicit query_on_part(const Condition &cond)
+    : query_part(dialect::token_t::ON)
+    , condition_(new Condition(cond)) {}
+  explicit query_on_part(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const basic_condition& condition() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> condition_;
+};
+
+class query_where_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  template < class Condition >
+  explicit query_where_part(const Condition &cond)
+  : query_part(dialect::token_t::WHERE)
+  , condition_(new Condition(cond)) {}
+  explicit query_where_part(std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> &&cond);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const basic_condition& condition() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  std::unique_ptr<basic_condition> condition_;
+};
+
+class query_table_name_part : public query_part
+{
+protected:
+  explicit query_table_name_part(sql::dialect::token_t token, std::string table_name);
+
+protected:
+  std::string table_name_;
+};
+
+class query_group_by_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_group_by_part(sql::column  col);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::column& column() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::column column_;
+};
+
+class query_order_by_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_order_by_part(sql::column  col);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::column& column() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::column column_;
+};
+
+class query_order_by_asc_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_order_by_asc_part();
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+};
+
+class query_order_by_desc_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_order_by_desc_part();
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+};
+
+class query_offset_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_offset_part(size_t offset);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t offset() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  size_t offset_;
+};
+
+class query_limit_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_limit_part(size_t limit);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] size_t limit() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  size_t limit_;
+};
+
+class query_insert_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_insert_part();
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+};
+
+class query_into_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_into_part(sql::table t, std::vector<sql::column> columns);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<column>& columns() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+  std::vector<column> columns_;
+};
+/**
+ * Represents the SQL VALUES part
+ */
+class query_values_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_values_part(std::vector<any_type> &&values);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<any_type>& values() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  std::vector<any_type> values_;
+};
+
+class query_update_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_update_part(sql::table table);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+};
+
+class query_set_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_set_part(const std::vector<sql::key_value_pair>& key_value_pairs);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<sql::key_value_pair>& key_values() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  std::vector<sql::key_value_pair> key_value_pairs_;
+};
+
+class query_delete_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_delete_part();
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+};
+
+class query_delete_from_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_delete_from_part(sql::table table);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+};
+
+class query_create_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_create_part();
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+};
+
+class query_create_table_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_create_table_part(sql::table table, std::vector<sql::column_definition> columns);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+  [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<sql::column_definition>& columns() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+  std::vector<sql::column_definition> columns_;
+};
+
+class query_drop_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  query_drop_part();
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+};
+
+class query_drop_table_part : public query_part
+{
+public:
+  explicit query_drop_table_part(sql::table table);
+
+  [[nodiscard]] const sql::table& table() const;
+
+private:
+  void accept(query_part_visitor &visitor) override;
+
+private:
+  sql::table table_;
+};
+
+}
+#endif //QUERY_QUERY_PARTS_HPP